【作者】 黄宇；

【导师】 杨武年；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 地图学与地理信息系统， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国民经济的飞速发展,城乡一体化进程的不断深入,国土资源的合理利用问题显得尤为突出。为了进一步加强国土资源的信息化管理,全面查清全国土地利用状况,国务院决定从2007年7月起,在全国开展第二次土地调查项目。本次调查主要分为城镇和农村调查两大部分,而绝大部分调查工作主要集中在农村,加之农村地区地形复杂,地物类型多样,因此,如何快速、准确地进行农村土地调查显得尤其重要。GIS、RS和GPS技术的发展大大提高了土地调查的效率和可靠性。目前,农村土地调查是以航天、航空遥感影像为主要信息源,通过对遥感影像的处理和遥感信息的提取,解译出农村土地利用现状数据。但是,遥感图像的质量、分辨率和内业人员专业素质等因素是导致解译数据不可能完全准确的直接原因,因此,野外调查工作是保证调查结果质量的重要环节。传统的野外调查方法是在打印成图的影像和解译的数据上进行目测调查,然后将野外调查的数据扫描后进行矢量化,这种作业模式精度和效率都不能满足第二次土地调查的要求。本文提出在建设单站CORS系统的基础上,使用GPS接收其播发的DGPS数据实现实时高精度数据采集。在四川省第二次土地调查项目试点县——宜宾市屏山县,对这种新的野外作业模式进行试验性研究,并取得了以下成果:(1)根据单站CORS系统总体设计要求,完成了参考站子系统、数据处理中心子系统和数据通讯子系统的建设,并经过系统性能测试,说明该系统完全满足设计标准。(2)通过对1:10000航片正射影像的信息提取,按照第二次土地调查分类标准,完成了试验区的遥感解译图。将影像数据压缩后和解译的矢量数据加载到GPS中,为野外调查提供了基础数据。(3)在野外使用GPS接收由单站CORS系统播发的差分数据,根据农村土地调查规范,完成了屏山县城周围4平方公里的调查研究。实验证明,这种新作业模式将改变传统作业方法,极大提高野外调查的工作效率和调查精度。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of the national economy and the urban and rural integration, the problems with rational development and utilization of territorial resources seem especially serious. For further strengthening informatization management of territorial resources, and for comprehensive checking up on national condition of land use, the State Council decided to work on the second land survey project nationwide from July, 2007. This project mainly divides into two parts, urban survey and rural survey. The vast majority of the survey is concentrated on the rural areas, which characterize complex landform and various types of land use, therefore, how to work on the rural land survey correctly and swiftly is extremely essential.The development of GIS, RS and GPS has greatly improved the efficiency and reliability of land survey. At present, rural land survey is to interpret the status quo of the land by means of processing remote sensing image and information extraction, based on the aerospace remote sensing. However, it is quality and resolution of remote sensing image and the professional quality of office operation staff that are the direct cause of leading to incompletely correct interpretation data. Therefore, field work is a key link to guarantee the quality of the survey result. The traditional field survey method is ocular estimate on the map of remote sensing image and interpretation result printed, and to put data into digital form after scanning the survey result, but the accuracy and efficiency of this type of operating model could not satisfy the requirement of the second land survey project. This thesis advances the method of using GPS to receive the DGPS data to achieve real-time high accuracy positioning on the base of the single CORS system. This new field survey model was experimented in Pingshan country, Yibin city, Sichuan province, selected country in this project. The experiment obtains following achievements. (1) The reference station subsystem, data processing center subsystem and data communication subsystem were built according to the overall design requirements of the single CORS system. After system performance test, it shows that the system could entirely achieve the design standard.(2) The remote sensing interpretation images were accomplished by means of information extraction from the 1:10000 scale DOM data, according to the classification criterion of the second land survey. The compressed image and interpretation vector data were imported to GPS to supply the basic data for field survey.(3) The field survey areas around Pingshan country of 4 square kilometers were accomplished by means of using GPS to receive the DGPS data from the single CORS system, according to the rural land survey standard. It proved that this new operating field survey model would change the traditional field survey model, and improve the accuracy and efficiency of field survey.更多还原