【作者】 刘理勇；

【导师】 魏春雨； 谭正炎；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 建筑与土木工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文从生态城市所涉及的人居环境建设这个目前非常迫切的问题入手,对生态设计的原则、思想和在实际工作的应用方法进行了深入的研究和总结,并应用生态设计方法对温岭生态示范居住小区进行了设计实践工作,通过这些工作对生态设计在实际工作中的应用进行了积极的探索,并取得一定成果。对于城市住区人居环境设计,从城市住区结构入手,将通常城市规划设计中住区结构的用地、设施、空间、景观的划分与景观生态学中的斑块、廊道及基质的景观模型相联系,从而将生态学中所关注的物质、能量流动以及生态系统结构与住区工程设计结构连接起来,将环境问题引入到住区工程设计中,并对住区人居环境生态设计所必须的精确工程图形表达提出了完整的方案。在城市居住区生态设计中所涉及到的各种具体工程设计,特别是对绿色空间、雨水利用、水景观构成及水体处理、污水处理与回用、能源系统的分级利用等方面的工程设计问题提出了新的思路和设计方法,并初步总结和制订了一套生态居住区的评价指标体系作为城市居住区生态设计所应达到的目标。在温岭生态示范居住小区的设计过程中,应用研究成果重点对居住区内的建筑布局、绿色空间、水景观及水体处理、风能利用、建筑生态设计、建筑材料的选择、污水处理与回用、道路交通系统等方面根据当地的实际情况和目前的技术、经济条件进行细致的生态设计,并赋予该居住区丰富的形态及景观视觉效果、极具特性的文化联想和地域象征意义。设计工作是复杂、精确的,设计所面临的对象是千变万化的,因此,不可能有一种标准的生态设计方法可以到处套用。所以,生态设计更多表现为一种设计思想和原则,它表现为设计者怎样通过创造性的设计工作将生态学思想体现在设计方案中。城市居住区人居环境生态设计的目标是要在保育自然生态系统的同时,建设健康、方便、舒适、安全和景观优美的人居环境,为形成富有活力和文明的社区文化提供良好的物质条件,在经济、技术可行的基础上,将生态学原理完整地体现在居住区的设计方案中,使之成为生态合理的城市居住区设计方案。温岭生态示范居住小区的生态设计实践为发展生态合理的城市居住区设计方法进行了有益的探索,并为今后的生态居住区设计研究工作提供了较好的示范案例和设计依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Starting with one urgent problems related to the eco-city construction, residential environment construction, this paper seriously researches and summaries eco-design principles and measures. These measures were used in the design of pilot demonstration project-WenLing eco-district, in which some pilot research about using eco-design in actual construction project was actively done. The results are as follows:For the environmental design of human settlements in urban areas, based on the structure of urban residential areas, this study associates, the types of land-use, facilities, space and landscape in traditional planning and design of residential structures with patches, corridors and matrices in landscape ecology, so the relationships among mass flux, energy flow and the structures of ecosystems in ecology and designs of residential structures have been established, and the environmental aspects have been combined into designs of residential areas. Finally, a complete scheme of expression of exact engineering mapping that is necessary for ecological design of human settlements has been presented.The new idea and design measure have brought forward about designing diversified projects for urban human settlement environment, especially for example green space, rain water use, water sight and cleaning water, waster water treatment and reuse, and energy system et al. The guideline system that appraises ecological human settlement has been summarized and drew about design target for urban human settlement.In the design of pilot project, WenLing eco-district, based on the local actual conditions and available techniques and economic situation, Some aspects were designed carefully, including land use, green space, building design, building materials, water resource system, wastewater treatment and reuse system, energy system, transportation system, solid waste treatment and so on. In the scheme, landscape effects, local and cultural characteristics were considered.Eco-design is a kind of complicated and accurate design measure and its working objects vary widely. Thereby it is not possible to establish a set of standard measure that can be used everywhere. Eco-design is a kind of design idea and principle, it integrates ecological idea into design scheme by the designer’s creative design work. The object of making eco-design for residential environment in urban area is constructing healthy, convenient, comfortable, safe and beautiful residential environment and providing good infrastructure for the formation of community culture that should be vigorous and civilized, while protecting and sustaining natural ecosystem. Ecological principle is integrated into the design scheme of this district according to the economic and technological feasibility. In the design of WenLing eco-district, some explorations for the measure designing urban residential district with ecological rationality were made. This scheme can be used as pilot case and design base for new eco-district design.更多还原