【作者】 王鹏；

【导师】 乔春生；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国民经济发展和经济建设的要求,必将有越来越多的高等级公路要深入西部山区,西部山区复杂的工程地质和水文地质条件限制了传统公路边坡支挡结构的应用。为了保证西部山区交通设施的运营安全以及保护西部脆弱的生态环境,避免诱发地质灾害,寻求一种适合西部山区的公路支挡结构成为日益迫切的需求。棚洞结构因其自身融合了结构支护和环保的功能,日益受到设计人员的青睐,在西部山区交通设施建设中发挥着越来越大的作用。本文通过对国内外现有棚洞结构的归纳性研究,在证明棚洞结构在山区公路建设中优越性的基础上,首先研究边坡和棚洞结构的耦合性,以期找到一种合理的数值模型,然后对现存的四种典型的棚洞结构进行结构分析,优化棚洞结构,通过ANSYS有限元软件对棚洞结构进行数值分析,通过对计算数据的分析,得出了最为优化的棚洞结构为偏压斜腿型棚洞。同时结合工程实例,论证了在浅埋、偏压、沿河沟谷地段采用棚洞结构型式的技术可行性和环保优越性。分析认为采用锚喷支护与棚洞结构相结合的新型结构型式是安全合理的,既充分发挥锚杆喷射混凝土护面的作用,又发挥棚洞结构的支挡作用,使之形成一个互为补充的完整受力体系。计算表明只要保证边坡开挖的临时稳定,一旦棚洞结构建起来后,就可以保证整个边坡的永久安全,这样就大大减小了开挖量,保护了周围的原生态自然环境,也大大减小了对自然地质体的扰动,减少了诱发地质灾害的可能性。从而得出结论:在浅埋、偏压、沿河岸沟谷和路线傍山布置地段,构造物应顺应地形,提倡设置偏压式棚洞,达到保护边坡和自然环境的目的。最后,结合分析结果提出了一些见解及建议,以供今后类似的工程参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the country’s economy, more and more high-level driveway will be constructed in the western mountain area to meet the need of the economic development. However, the application of the routine supporting structure which would induce geologic disaster in the side slope is restricted by the intricacy geologic and hydrologic aspect. It is a stringent demand to find an appropriate structure which can keep the security of the highway and protect the ecologic environment in the mountain area. The shed tunnel structure won the favor of the deviser because it compromises the characteristic of supporting and environmental protection, It will play a big role in the western highway construction.Firstly, this paper summarized the representative form of the tunnel shed as proving the advantage of the structure in the western mountain area. And then research the coupling relationship between the side slope and tunnel shed in order to find a more reasonable theory in shed design. On the other hand, through the numerical analysis of shed tunnel by FEM program ANSYS, this paper try to optimize the structure on the base of the four structure style, which want to find a rational structure style of the tunnel shed. At last, combined with the example of a program, this paper have demonstrated the technical possibility and environmental advantages of using shed tunnel in shallow buried, unsymmetrical pressured and valley zones besides river. Then we believe that the new style of structure using shot-concrete-bolt support and shed tunnel is reasonable and safe, for it take the advantage of the shot concrete-bolt support and the support function of shed tunnel fully, which makes it to be a perfect system under stress. The calculator indicates that if the temporary stability of the slope was promised to be enough, the permanent stability of the slope can be ensured once the shed tunnel’s structure was constructed, so the shed tunnel engineer reduces the excavation of hillside, which can protect the surrounding original environment and then can reduce the disturbance of the natural geology and the possibility of inducing the hazard of geology. So we can draw a conclusion that it is proposed to construct shed tunnel or half tunnel accommodating the topography to accomplish a purpose of protecting environment in shallow buried, unsymmetrical pressured、and valley zones besides river.更多还原