【作者】 李雪丽；

【导师】 王毅；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 电力电子与电力传动， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 电磁定位系统来源于头盔显示/瞄准系统中的瞄准具部分。其中,瞄准线的计算方法一直是实现目标定位和跟踪的重点和难点,能否精确的计算出瞄准线的方位是关键所在。本文采用电磁场法来测量接收天线的运动位置,其检测瞄准线的传统方法是采用交流的发射信号与欧拉角为计算参数,但是它出现45°附近计算结果畸变严重的问题。论文在深入研究现有算法存在问题的基础上,采用了一种广泛用于刚体定位的数学参数算法——四元数法。用四元数描述任意方位的刚体旋转,用它构成的迭代矩阵具有良好的特性,实验结果表明采用四元数算法具有结果准确,收敛速度快的优点,并且在45°附近计算结果没有明显的畸变。除了采用四元数算法外,另一方面,此设计的发射信号采用了直流脉冲信号代替了原来的交流信号,解决了采用交流信号使周围金属物体中感应的涡流场导致的计算结果不准确的问题。信号的发射采集都应用了基于PCI总线的数据采集卡实现。数据采集模块用动态链接库的模式调用驱动程序来实现对采集卡硬件的访问,实现了数据采集功能,有效地提高了A/D板和计算机之间的数据传输率;数据处理模块应用基于COM组件的VB与Matlab的接口编程,实现了上层应用软件的数据分析计算功能,达到实时计算监测的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The measuring method of electromagnetic time-division is used in the electromagnetic orientation system which comes from the HMD/HMS applied in the battleplane and detects the orientation of the pilot’s head. The algorithm of LOS (line of sight) is a difficulty in this research field, whose key problem is working out position of the LOS precisely.This system measures the position and orientation of the sensor using electromagnetic method. The traditional equipment adopted AC electric current as transmitting signal and Euler angle as calculation parameters. The problem of the equipment is that the calculation results appear distortion when angle is near to 45°. Based on deeply analyzing the method, this paper describes the quaternion which is widely used in locating rigid body. The results show the outcome precision and rate of convergence of the quaternion algorithm with quaternion is better than the traditional one. And this system adopts DC pulse transmitting signal to avoid the eddy current in metal objects nearly.This system chooses the data acquisition card for sending and acquisition tool, builds the data acquisition system. This module transferred the driver to realize the accessing of card using dynamic link library technology. It can improve effectively the transfer speed between the data acquisition card and computer. It adopts Matlab software as data processing tool. The interface programming between VB and Matlab is based on COM groupware. The system can achieve the request of real-time monitoring.更多还原