RFID在自主转向轨道车中的应用研究

【作者】 李会丹；

【导师】 王景中；

【作者基本信息】 北方工业大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 射频识别技术(RFID)一种新兴的自动识别技术,目前广泛应用在货物采购与分配、商业贸易和物流等领域中,在交通行业的应用主要存在于自动收费等方面。目前,RFID在车辆自动控制方面中的应用尚为少见。鉴于轨道交通具有运营速度高,运输能力大,运营费用低,安全、舒适,对环境影响小等特点,我校提出了独轨车的概念,并建立了模型。本课题在我校建筑学院教授申请的北京市自然科学基金项目、北京市教育委员会科技发展计划重点项目——自主转向悬挂式独轨车及其轨道结构研究的基础上,建立了RFID在自主转向轨道车中的应用模型,提出了相关的解决方案,利用RFID系统中的标签作为轨道道路信息的存储载体,读写器作为车辆上信息采集系统,读写器中的微处理器作为采集到的信息的处理单元,同时作为控制信号的产生单元,从而实现车辆的转向控制。论文首先介绍目前存在的多种智能车辆导航方式,并对它们进行较全面的比较和分析,介绍使用RFID技术的优势所在;然后阐述RFID系统的组成和技术原理,重点介绍RFID系统中读写器的组成以及UHF频段的读写器设计方案;其次分析RFID在自主转向车中的应用模型设计,硬件连接以及代码实现等;最后提出基于本研究的基础上可以进行的拓展工作等。随着RFID标准的不断确立,以及国家对RFID的推广和大力支持,将RFID应用在自主转向车辆中的研究,具有很现实的意义。首先,首次在自主转向车辆控制系统研究中采用RFID技术,不仅提出一种新颖的轨道车辆的智能导航方式,而且在某种程度上使RFID技术在交通行业的应用得到进一步的拓展;其次,RFID的高速识别速度适应轨道交通中行车速度快的特点,而且系统采用RFID和GIS相结合的方式,建立了一个较为完善的系统构成;再次,系统研究了一款集数据采集、数据处理、车辆控制等于一体的车载读写器系统,充分利用了硬件资源,减少了系统冗余;最后,利用RFID进行转向控制的系统,可以方便地进行系统功能的扩充,实现车辆行驶过程中的进行物体的上传和下载等。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a newly developed automatic identification technology, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is currently widely applied in the fields such as procurement and distribution of goods, trade, logistics and so on, and it mainly for automatic toll use in transportation. However, it is still seldom applied to vehicle automatic control. For the following features of railway transportation such as higher-speed operation, higher transport capacity, lower cost, safe and comfortable, less harm to environment and so on, we put forward the concept and modeled for a kind of single-railway car.On the basis of the Beijing Natural Science Foundation Project and Beijing Municipal Education Commission’s Key Project, Study of Auto-veering suspended single-railway car and it’s railway structure, this subject set up a applied model of RFID used in auto-veering railway car, and put forward related resolvent, that is to use tags of RFID system as memory units of roadway information, reader as an information collection system installed in the car, the micro-processor as the processing unit of gathered information and generating unit of controlling signals, as to control veer of the car.In this paper, it firstly introduces several kinds of currently used navigating methods of intelligent vehicle, compares and analyzes these methods in detail, and put forward advantages to use RFID. Then, it describes structure and technology theory of RFID system, mainly introduces structure of reader in RFID and the design of UHF reader. After that, it describes design of system applying RFID to auto-veering car, which includes hardware connection and coding. At last, it brings forward some suggestion on the father research based on this subject.RFID standard is being established step by step, and being spread and supported by the state, so it makes great sense to apply RFID to auto-veering car. Firstly, to use RFID technology in such a system, not only brings forward a novel navigating method of railway car, but also extends the application of RFID in transportation at a certain extend. Secondly, the high-speed recognizing makes RFID adapt for the railway traffic which is character of high travel speed, and combination of RFID and GIS makes a completely system. Thirdly, to design a kind of reader that can gather information, process data and control the train makes a great sense. It can make enough use of the hardware and reduce system redundancy. Finally, the system using RFID can be easily extended in the next research.更多还原