【作者】 侯雯雯；

【导师】 马政生；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 应用化学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 工业循环水中大量使用的含磷阻垢缓蚀剂,对水资源和环境的破坏日益引起了人们的高度重视,我国部分省市在禁止使用含磷洗涤剂的基础上已开始限制含磷阻垢剂的使用,开发推广无磷阻垢剂是水处理技术的发展方向。本文研究开发了两种无磷阻垢剂,一是以L-天冬氨酸为主要原料合成的聚天冬氨酸;二是利用水溶液聚合工艺合成的丙烯酸—马来酸酐—丙烯酸甲酯三元共聚物,并表征了其结构。依据火电厂循环水阻垢剂性能测试规范,完成了模拟水样和国内五个大型火电厂水样静态阻垢性能的测试,结果表明,这两种阻垢剂的组合使用,可以对碳酸钙的阻垢率达到或接近100%,且用量小于含磷系列,为进一步的工业推广奠定了基础。合成聚天冬氨酸的条件:反应温度为180～220℃、反应时间2h、催化剂量5%;水解5克聚琥珀酰亚胺需要2mol/L的NaOH溶液30ml、水解温度50～60℃、时间1h、用0.008molHCl中和;将水解液缓慢滴入高速搅拌的甲醇中,甲醇用量为水解液质量的3～6倍。在此工艺下得到聚天冬氨酸钠粉末,外观为白色的轻质粉末,堆积密度0.35g/ml,不用进行脱色和粉碎。合成丙烯酸三元共聚物的条件为:在氧化还原引发体系下单体配比为丙烯酸甲酯:丙烯酸:顺酐=3∶2.5∶4.5、混合引发剂用量8%、反应温度60～70℃、时间5小时。更多还原

【Abstract】 Amount of organic and inorganic phosphorus scale inhibitor used in industrial recycling water damaged water resources and polluted environment. This attracts people attention increasingly. On the basis of prohibition of phosphorus-containing detergent, many cities in China started restricting the use of phosphorus-containing scale inhibitor. Developing and applying phosphate-free scale water treatment technology is the direction of water treatment industry.In this paper, two kinds of phosphate-free scale water treatments was researched and developed. One is polyaspartic acid synthesized using L-aspartic acid as the main raw material; the other is AA/MA/MAc copolymers synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization process, meanwhile their structures were characterized and the molecular weight distribution was tested. We finished the scales of static water samples testing in simulation water and in five domestic large-scale thermal power recycling water basing on scale of standardized test performance. The results showed that both using these two scale inhibitors, the inhibition rate of CaCO3 is at or near 100%, and the amount is less than phosphorus-containing. The research pave the way to promote the industrialization.The optimum reaction conditions of polyaspartic acid were found as follows: Reaction temperature ranges from 180～220℃.Reaction time duration is about 2 hs. Consumption amount of catalyzer is 5 % of the amount of L-aspartic acid,it need 30ml 2mol / L NaOH solution to hydrolyze 5g polysuccinimide. The temperature of hydrolyzable reaction ranges from 50～60℃and the reaction time is 1.0 h. The Consumption amount of HC1 to neutralize the remanent NaOH is about 0.08mol/L. the white low-density powder of the the sodium salt of polyaspartic acid are got by dropping the hydrolyzable solution to carbinol that its Consumption amount is 3～6 times to the amount of solution. the powder’s density is about 0.35g/ml.The optimum reaction conditions of acrylic copolymers were found as follows:In oxidation - reduction system, MA/AA/MAc = 3:2.5:4.5. Consumption amount of initiator is 8%.Reaction temperature ranges from 60～70℃, and reaction time duration is about 5 hs.更多还原