【作者】 姚华；

【导师】 付尊英；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 学科教学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 自上世纪60年代以来,归因就是心理学领域的重要研究课题。归因理论在社会各实践领域中具有着广泛的应用价值,教育是应用归因理论的一个重要领域。生物学实验是生物教学的灵魂和支柱,是验证、探索、发现新事物和新规律最重要、最可靠的手段,是培养学生探索能力、创造性思维的重要渠道。但是由于种种原因,生物实验教学一直以来就是生物教学中的薄弱环节。本文从改进初中生物实验教学方面入手,在学习和研究归因理论以及国内外相关研究和成功做法的基础之上,探讨利用归因理论对生物实验教学和培养学生能力方面的影响,从而使生物教学适应时代的要求。全文共分为六部分。第一部分:问题的提出。该部分对生物学实验的地位和作用、国内外生物学课程改革趋势、生物实验教学存在的问题、归因理论在生物实验教学中应用的优势等内容展开论述。第二部分:理论探讨。该部分介绍了教学最优化理论、人本主义学习理论、归因理论与生物实验教学的相关内容。第三部分:调查研究。该部分在初中生实验学习归因问卷调查的基础上,归纳初中学生生物实验学习的归因特点,对初中生生物学习归因的性别特征和年级特征进行分析。第四部分:对应策略。该部分针对调查研究的结果,制定了实验教学策略包括了解学生实验学习的归因倾向;根据学生的归因特点设计合理有效的实验教学模式;在实验教学中进行适当的归因指导和归因训练。第五部分:实验研究。该部分介绍了将归因理论应用于实验教学中对实验班进行的教学改革,通过对教学实验设计、实验变量的控制以及对实验结果的统计、分析等过程对两组学生的实验考核成绩等进行数据统计和分析。结果表明:归因理论在生物实验教学中的应用对学生的实验操作能力、探究能力等方面的提高有一定的促进作用。第六部分:讨论。该部分对整个实验过程进行理性的回顾与反思,并提出进一步研究的方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Attribution is an important research topic since the 1960s. Attribution theory has applied value in many social practice fields, Education is one important application field of this theory. Biological Experiment is the pillars and soul in biology teaching, which is also the the most important and most reliable means of validation, explore and discover new things and new laws. Then it is the important channels of culture students to explore ability, creative thoughts. However for various reasons the Biological Experiment has been a weak link in biology teaching. From the view of improvement the Biological Experiment to improve middle school teaching methods this dissertation explored the influences of Attribution theory on the teaching of biology and ability culture of students in the basis of the domestic and foreign theories and researches to improve biological teaching.There are six parts of this dissertation.Part I : Put forward the Problem This part is about of the biological experiments status and the role of domestic and international trends biology curriculum reform, teaching biology experiment existing problems, attribution theory in the biological experiment teaching applications such as edge exposition.Part II : Theoretical Basis This part introduced the teaching optimization theory, the humanist learning theory, the theory attributed to biological experiments related to the content of teaching.Part III : Investigation and Research This part summarized the attributive characteristics of the middle school students and analyzed the sex and grade characteristics, which was base on the attribution questionnaire of the junior school in biological experiments studying.Part IV : Countermeasures This part established of the experimental teaching strategies which was include learning the attributive trends of students, program the effective experimental teaching modes according to the characteristics of students and the proper attributive guidance and training investigation against the results of the study to develop an, including understanding of the students experimental study attributed the trend; the rational design of attributed to; The experimental teaching proper attribution guidance and attribution training.PartV : Experimental Study This part of applied the attribution theory in experimental teaching practices. To design teaching experimental and controlling the experimental variables and collected data, the results of statistics and analysis showed that attribution theory has a certain role in promoting the abilities of experiment operations and exploring and so on.Part VI : Discussions This part is the rational review and reflection about the whole experiment process, then which proposed the future research directions.更多还原