【作者】 孙国庆；

【导师】 桑润滋；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 动物遗传育种与繁殖， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验针对如何提高性控精液对奶牛人工授精的情期受胎率进行研究,对性控精液与常规精液的受胎率及所产后代的生长发育情况进行比较,并进行性控精液的推广应用。将性控精液与诱导双胎相结合,生产双胎母牛。对种公牛、输精部位(子宫角浅部/子宫角深部)、年龄(青年牛/经产牛)、季节(春季/秋季/冬季)四个因素对性控精液受胎率的影响进行研究。结果表明:不同种公牛生产的性控精液的受胎率有显著差异(P＞0.05);子宫角浅部与子宫角深部输精的受胎率分别为62.50%与63.33%,两者差异不显著(P＞0.05);经产牛的情期受胎率为43.24%,显著低于青年牛的情期受胎率74.19%(P＜0.05);春季、秋季与冬季用性控精液人工授精的受胎率分别为74.19%、65.71%和50%,三者差异不显著(P＞0.05)。由同一头种公牛生产的性控精液与常规精液,在输精剂量、输精部位、输精时间以及输精人员均一致的条件下,对青牛牛与成母牛进行人工授精。结果表明:青年牛试验组(性控精液组)与对照组(常规精液组)的受胎率分别为80.00%与60.00%,两者差异不显著(P＞0.05);成母牛试验组(性控精液组)与对照组(常规精液组)的受胎率分别为33.33%与57.14%,两者差异也不显著(P＞0.05)。对性控精液与常规精液所产后代的母犊率、流产率、成活率以及初生、3月龄、6月龄、12月龄的体尺体重进行比较,结果表明:试验组(性控犊牛)与对照组(常规犊牛)的母犊率分别为95.45%与47.37%,两者差异极显著(P＜0.01);流产率两者分别为2.94%与5.00%,两者差异不显著(P＞0.05);犊牛成活率两者分别为92.42%与92.11%,两者差异不显著(P＞0.05):试验组(性控犊牛)与对照组(常规犊牛)在初生、3月龄、6月龄、12月龄的体重及体尺均没有显著差异(P＞0.05)。将性控精液与诱导双胎相结合,在同期发情处理过程中,将受试牛随机分成三组,于撤栓前48h分别肌注PMSG1500IU、1200IU、800IU,发情后根据卵泡发育情况用性控精液进行人工授精。60d后用B超进行妊娠诊断,统计受胎率、双胎率。接产统计流产率、产双母犊率。结果表明:三个组输精后60d的受胎率分别为44.4%、37.5%和72.7%,差异不显著(P＞0.05);双胎率分别为50.0%、33.3%和12.5%,差异不显著(P＞0.05);4头双胎妊娠奶牛中,流产1头,为双胎母犊。另外3头产6头母犊,其中1头为死胎,其他5头发育正常。在邯郸、唐山迁安、保定容城等地奶牛场推广应用性控精液,情期受胎率、流产率和母犊率分别为52.1%、4.5%和94.0%。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study was aim at how to improve the Pregnancy rates of Holstein cows artificial inseminationed with sexed sperm,compared the Pregnancy rates and calves upgrowth between sexed sperm and routine sperm,and carried out the Popularization and Application of sexed sperm .combining sexed sperm with inducing Double-Calving to produce twinning heifers.Reaserch the effect of bulk insemination site (shallow part of uterine horn/deep part of uterine horn)、old (heifers/delivered cows), the season (spring/autumn/winter) on Pregnancy rates of sexed sperm. Results shows that Pregnancy rates of sexed sperm separated from different bull were different significantly (P<0.05); pregnancy rates after artificial insemination in shallow part of uterine horn and deep part of uterine horn were 62.50% and 63.33% respectively,there were no differences (P>0.05);pregnancy rates of delivered cow were 43.24%, significantly lower then heifers’s 74.19% (P<0.05); pregnancy rates of heifers artificial insemination in spring> autumn and winter were 74.19%、65.71% and 50% respectively,There were no differences (P>0.05).Heifers and cows were artificial inseminationed with sexed sperm and conventional sperm produced by the same bull,at the same condition of insemination does, insemination site、insemination time and insemination personnel. the results showed that pregnancy rate of the treatment group(sexed sperm group) and the control group(routine sperm group) of heifers were 80.00% and 60.00% respectively,there were no differences (P>0.05); pregnancy rate of the treatment group(sexed sperm group) and the control group(routine sperm group) of cows were 33.33% and 57.14% respectively,there were no differences (P>0.05).compared the female rate、abortion rate、calves livability rate, weight and body measurements of neonatal, 3 months , 6 months and 12 months of calves born from sexed sperm and routine sperm. the results showed that The female rate of treatment group(sexed calf) and the control group(routine calf) were 95.45% and 47.37% respectively, difference was extremely significant (P<0.01) .Abortion rate of two groups were 2.94% and 5.00% respectively,there were no differences (P>0.05); calves livability rate of two groups were 92.42% and 92.11% respectively,there were no differences (P>0.05); There were no differences in weight and body measurements of neonatal, 3 months , 6 months and one year of calves born from sexed sperm and routine sperm (P>0.05) .combining sexed sperm with inducing Double-Calving, in estrus synchronization process,the cows were randomly divided into three groups, and intramuscular injection PMSG 1500IU、1200IU and800IU,respectively, 48h before remove the sponge suppository.after oestrus carries on artificial insemination with sexed sperm base on the follicle growth. pregnancy detection with bultrasound 60d later, statistics pregnant rates and twinning rates. Delivered and statistics abortion rates, twinning rates. Results shows pregnant rates that 60d after artificial insemination of three groups were 44. 4%, 37. 5% and 72. 7% respectively,and twinning rate were 50. 0%, 33. 3% and 12. 5% respectively. Total four twin pregnancies cows, one was abortion,both were twinning heifers. The other three twin pregnancies cows calving six heifers, one was dead fetus,and the other five develop normally.The results of Popularization and Application of sexed sperm in Handan、Tangshanqianan and Baodingrongcheng shows that the pregnant rate, abortion rate and female calf rate were 52.1%, 4.5% and 94.0% respectively.更多还原