【作者】 王玉琼；

【导师】 张松；

【作者基本信息】 四川师范大学 ， 教育技术学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着计算机技术和现代教育技术的迅速发展,虚拟实验技术的应用越来越广泛。虚拟实验作为继理论研究和实验研究之后的第三种科学研究方法,对社会发展和科技进步起着日益重要的作用,代表着科学研究方法的发展方向。不断深化的教育教学改革对实验教学在培养学生科学研究能力和综合素质方面提出了更高的要求。实验教学的教学内容、教学模式、教学方法亟待革新和完善。虚拟实验技术的成熟发展和实验教学改革的迫切需要使得虚拟实验在教学中的应用从理论研究走向了实际应用。本文正是基于此开发了虚拟实验系统,并将它应用于中学物理实验教学。本文介绍了国内外虚拟实验的发展状况,分析了虚拟实验的建构主义、混合式学习理论和交互理论等理论基础以及所使用的技术。论文详细阐述了虚拟实验系统从设计到实现的全过程,并选择具有代表性的中学物理实验作为虚拟实验应用研究的对象,重点对虚拟实验在中学物理教学中的应用作了深入分析研究。一方面,虚拟实验应用于教师实验教学,论文介绍了虚拟实验辅助教师实验教学的教学模式和教学设计,并以“凸透镜成像和照相机”实验为例,阐述了虚拟实验辅助教师光学实验教学的实际应用,同时还列举了教师在教学过程中运用虚拟实验突破物理教学难点的案例;另一方面,虚拟实验应用于学生自主探究学习,论文介绍了学生自主探究学习模式和教学设计,并以探究“电路短路问题”实验为例,阐述了虚拟物理实验辅助学生电路学习的实际应用,同时还尝试将虚拟实验与真实实验有机结合更好地进行实验探究。两方面应用效果分析表明,使用虚拟实验辅助实验教学,有益于提高教师的教学质量,增强学生的自主学习能力。最后,本文对虚拟实验在中学物理教学中的应用研究工作进行了认真总结,提出了进一步研究的方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the improvement of computer and modern educational technologies, virtual experiment technology is rapidly developed and being widely used. The virtual experiment, which is considered as the third research method following theoretical and experimental investigation, shows an important direction for the scientific research technique. Moreover, it also plays an increasing role in social development and science and technology at present.Experimental teaching, for example, teaching content, teaching mode and teaching method, needs to be innovated and consummated because a higher requirement on the ability of scientific research and diathesis of students has been recently presented from teaching innovation. The latest development of the virtual experiment technology and strong demands of experimental innovation make the virtual experiment undergo a dynamic process from theoretical research to practical research. Based on this, this paper explores a system of virtual experiment and applies it into practice in the teaching of physics.The paper introduces the development of virtual experiment around the world, then analyses the theoritical basis of it, such as constructivism, blended learning and interactive theory, and its technological base. The paper elaborates the entire process of virtual experiment’s system from its design to realization in details. Middle school physical experiments, which are typical in the present middle school education, have been choused as the research object of the virtual experiment instruction and analyses the application result. On the one hand, the application of virtual experiment in helping experimental teaching by teachers. The teaching mode and its teaching design have been discussed. A project named as“the convex lens image formation and the camera”is well designed and applied in the teacher’s optics teaching. Meanwhile the virtual experiments have been utilized by the teacher to break through the difficulty in physics teaching and gives cases accordingly. On the other hand, the application of virtual experiments in helping“inquiry-based learning autonomy”, the studying mode and the teaching design have been discussed. A project named as“the question of the electric circuit short”is well designed and applied in the inquiry-based learning autonomy. Meanwhile, it attempts to well integrate the virtual experiments and real experiments in order to help students with inquiring experiments and gives cases accordingly. The analyses of both aspects’application effect shows that with the help of virtual experiments, the quality of instruction can be improved and the capability of student’s auto-inquiry can be better developed.Finally, we summarized the virtual experiment research work in the middle school physics teaching, and proposed further studies direction.更多还原