【作者】 张铜柱；

【导师】 储江伟；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 随着汽车产量和社会保有量不断上升,废旧汽车的数量也在同步增长。由于传统的汽车设计主要以加工简单、装配容易、维修方便和材料有效利用为基本设计原则,很少涉及报废后零部件拆解回收再利用及无害化处理等问题,由此导致的资源短缺和报废汽车垃圾对环境的严重污染等一系列问题正逐渐为人类所共识。基于全寿命周期理论对汽车产品进行绿色设计,必然有利于汽车工业循环经济的发展。其中,对报废汽车零部件拆解回收并尽可能地提高其再利用率是关键环节。在设计环节就考虑产品回收阶段的可拆解性,进行“可拆解性设计”已成为当前汽车绿色设计研究的主要热点之一,也是汽车工业的重要课题。本文在综合国内外相关研究的基础上,对汽车绿色设计的系统框架及可拆解性设计理论进行了系统、全面的分析和总结。具体以发动机活塞连杆组为例,利用无向图构建拆解模型,进行拆解自由度分析,建立供设计者参考的可拆解性设计准则;基于UG利用VC进行二次开发,构建计算机辅助可拆解性设计软件基本框架,提出基于无向图思想进行装配信息提取的方法;并基于概率方法建立产品可拆解性评价体系;通过研究拆解方式、拆解工艺等对发动机拆解的影响,利用无向图典型拓扑结构拆解规则、可拆解性评价及可拆解性设计准则等对发动机拆解工艺优化问题进行了研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 The automotive industry is progressing rapidly, the number of the end-of-life vehicles is rising fast too. Problems such as resource shortage, environment pollution, have to be concerned seriously. Consequently, the study of how to reuse the parts of automobile efficiently and decrease the pollution produced by the ELVs has already become the most important and considerable section of automotive green technology research.Because automotive engine has good value to reuse, and the remanufacturing technology is better than heavy repair, the remanufacturing of engine will replace the heavy repair in the future. Disassembly is the key section to remanufacture the automotive engine, So nondistructive disassembly is most important. Traditional automotive design didn’t consider the disassembly problems, which caused the environment pollution and the lack of resource.Design for disassembly is the method to improve the dismantlbility. Based on the inland and outland research on DFD, in this dissertation, the basic theories of the LCA system structure, disassembly information, the influence factors of disassembly process, disassembly sequence planning and assessment of dismantlbility are studied deeply and systematically. The paper presents a method of design for disassembly based on undirected graph. and set up the basic framework of computer aided DFD software, put forward a assesment method based on the probability model, and in the end, disassembly technology and instrument are studied. The contents is as below: (1)the green design structure of LCD is put forward, The characteristics and rules of design for disassembly are analyzed.(2)The geometry and topology structure between the parts of product is analyzed, and the concept of disassembly restrict matrix is built, the rule of DFD is put forward.(3)Based on the technologies of existing CAD/CAM systems, the product disassembly information and its source are analyzed. The basic framework of the computer aided DFD software and the disassembly information network chart is established. The system contains many modules, such as disassembly information express, product data processing, disassembly analysis, recyclable assessment. On Petri nets was introduced. The optimal disassembly sequence that satisfied the requirement constraints was gained by computing the model.(4)Based on the probability model, put forward some assesment guide lines of product dismantlbility, such as technological guide lines“disassembly digree”,“disassembly depth”and so on; economic guide lines“disassembly cost”and so on; environmental guide lines“liquid pollution degree”and so on. In the end, established a assesment method based on the linearity way. This is the first time that put forward the stochastic method in this field.(5)Based on the former research, the technology of disassembly based on undirected graph is introduced. Studying the influence of the disassembly way and technology, better the disassembly technology and instruments, make the disassembly theory actual.In conclusion, disassembly and recycling and regeneration of automobile parts is one of effective means to saving resources and reducing costs. It can regenerate and reuse the automobile products as material, energy and parts, which will make the products in circulating industrial environment. The technology not only realizes reuse and environmental protection, but also can achieve the continuable development of automobile industry.更多还原