【作者】 李明磊；

【导师】 许肖梅；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 海洋物理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着近海养鱼业的发展,传统网箱养鱼自身存在的缺点也暴露得越来越明显,如产量少、种质差、环境污染严重等。要大力发展可持续的海洋渔业生产,发展抗风浪深水网箱养殖是必由之路。目前,深水网箱养殖正在我国沿海诸省迅速推广应用。在深水网箱养殖中,由于水深和浑浊的海水,肉眼一般观测不到网箱中鱼群的活动及网衣的状态,无法实时发现鱼群是否处于安全状态。所以迫切需要研制深水网箱中的鱼群监测系统,当发现鱼群逃逸时,系统能及时发出报警信号。同时,由于深水网箱往远、深海方向发展以及它在海洋中的推广应用越来越普及,网箱数量增加迅猛的趋势,对它所配套的网箱中水声监测设备的要求已往集成化、智能化和信息化的方向发展。本文在总结深水网箱鱼群监测方法和分析深水网箱鱼群监测难点的基础上进行了深水网箱鱼群远距离监测系统的研究工作。论文介绍了国内外深水网箱监测设备的发展现状,分析了当前国内外深水网箱鱼群监测方法,探讨了在噪声和混响中提取鱼群回波的方法,提出了基于无线模块的深水网箱鱼群远程监测方案,并完成系统的硬软件设计和样机的初步研制。设计的样机可划分为岸站上的控制及显示主机和海上的现场扫描探测系统两部分,海上现场扫描探测系统包括信号的发射、信号接收预处理和数据采集、存储等。海上现场扫描探测系统和岸站上的主机之间通过无线模块进行数据通信:海上现场系统接收并响应主机发送来的命令,岸站上的主机则对海上现场系统进行控制,并集中处理和显示海上扫描探测系统发送来的数据。整套样机系统进行了水池,厦门海域及泉州围头海域的海上现场初步实验。实验结果表明系统的探测盲区约为0.8~1m,系统工作稳定可靠,参数灵活可调,操作简单方便。岸上的控制主机在距离网箱500m以内能实时、可靠地接收到海上监测到的数据并进行显示。本文创新之处在于应用无线数据传输技术实现了海上扫描探测现场系统与控制显示主机之间的有效通信,基于VB软件设计了简洁实用的岸上主机控制界面,从而免去了在海上布置电缆等的麻烦,使整个系统在构成上能分工明确,易于配置和维护,适合于海上工作的环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of coastal water fish culture, the shortcoming that traditional fish culture in net cage there exists in itself also reveals more and more obvious ,like the little output, kind of bad quality, environmental pollution, etc. To keep developing in sea aquaculture, it is necessary to develop fish culturing in net cages of deep water. Nowadays, this technology is being popularized in coastland of the whole country. But it is difficult for fisher folks to check that weather the fish is still in the cage or not by their eyes, because of the feculent water and its depth. So it is urgency for us to research and develop fish monitoring device in deep-sea cage, which could ring the alarm in time once fish escape. As the deep-sea cages move to the zone far away from the seashore and cover more and more areas on sea, a higher requirement for fish monitor is proposed at the same time. It is that fish monitors must be more intellectualized and integrated. The paper focuses on studying remote monitoring fish in deep-sea cage far from the shore base on summarizing the methods of fish monitoring and analyzing its difficulties. The paper introduced current status of deep-sea fish monitoring home and abroad,analyzed methods of fish monitoring, discussed the way to extract fish echo from noise and reverberation, and proposed a system to monitor fish in deep water far way base on wireless module. Finally, an industrialized system is designed preliminarily. The system can be divided into two parts. One is local device on sea, the other is central computer in the monitoring station. The local device is made up of signal emission circuit, echo-receiving circuit, and data acquisition ,storage circuit. Communication between local device and central computer is realized in wireless module. The local device executes orders that were sent from central computer. And the data sent from local device was processed and displayed in the form of picture on central computer.The experiments in a water pool and net cages in sea area of Xiamen and Quanzhou-Weitou are performed. The experimental results show that the blind area is about 0.8 to 1 meters, the instrument is reliable, simply operated, and parameters can be changed freely. Data processing and display in real time goes well on the central computer which is in the station within 500 meters from net-cagesThe innovation of the paper is that communication between local devices on sea and central computer is realized in wireless module and a convenient operation platform based on VB is developed on central computer. So it avoids the bothering of arranging cable in the sea, and makes entire system divide the work clearly. Further more the system which is easy to be configured and maintained, adapts to the working circumstance on sea.更多还原