【作者】 黄臻臻；

【导师】 齐树洁；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 诉讼法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 行政裁决民事纠纷是行政主体依据法律的授权,对平等主体之间特定的民事纠纷居间进行裁断的行为,是行政主体从维护行政管理秩序出发,解决平等主体之间民事纠纷的一种行政司法行为。它打破了传统的三权分立的模式,适应了市场经济时代人们对权利救济快捷、低廉的现实需求,发挥着有效配置经济资源,迅速化解社会矛盾的重要作用。但由于制度建设落后,裁决权力的行使处于失范状态,这种状况既不利于发挥行政机关在纠纷解决上的优势,也不利于充分保护相对方的合法权益,因此,如何规范、完善并从而建立起有中国特色的行政裁决制度,已成为我国行政法制建设面临的一项紧迫任务。本文主要分析了行政裁决民事纠纷的必要性、可行性和正当性,并对我国行政裁决制度的现状进行总结与反思,分析其所显示出来的弊端,在此基础上提出重构我国行政裁决制度的建议。全文除引言和结语外,分为四章。第一章为行政裁决的基本理论。本章从区分广义行政裁决和狭义行政裁决开始,对行政裁决的特征、法律性质等方面进行了阐述,在此基础上分析了行政裁决民事纠纷的优势以及行政裁决民事纠纷的可行性、正当性和强度。第二章为域外行政裁决制度。本章介绍了英国的行政裁判所制度、美国的独立管制机构制度以及日本的行政委员会制度,并总结其对我国行政裁决制度建设的借鉴意义。第三章为我国行政裁决制度之现状与重构。本章在总结我国现有行政裁决规则的基础上,从实体与程序两个方面分析了现行行政裁决制度的弊端,在此基础上提出我国行政裁决制度重构的基本原则与制度设计的着眼点。第四章为行政裁决程序设计理念与救济制度。本章从程序设计的角度,阐述行政裁决制度重构的应有之义。首先分析程序设计的理念,从价值层面上,明确程序自然公正,公正优先、兼顾效率,控权原则应为程序设计的第一价值序列;从制度层面上,强调程序所应具备的三个方面即:独立性、完整性和具体性。其次分析了行政裁决的救济途径:区分不同种类的行政裁决,适用不同的救济方式。在结语部分,指出行政裁决在解决某些与行政管理相关社会纠纷的优势,但因制度规制的缺位,以致制约其作用的发挥,因此必须加强行政裁决的相关立法,规范行政裁决制度的运作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Administrative adjudication means that administrative services interjacently verdict the given civil dispute between difference parties with authorization of law. It is one kind of administrative justice behavior that resolve the civil disputes for maintaining administrative order. Administrative adjudication breaks the traditional mode of separation of powers and meets people’s need to relief with swiftness and low cost in times of market economy, so it exerts very significant influence on effectively allocating economic resources and resolving social disputes. Because of the backwardness of the institution of our country, the application of administrative adjudication power is largely out of control of the law. This is not only unfavorable to make the full play of administrative efficiency, but also unfavorable to protect the relative’s rights. So we are facing a pressing mission that is how to rule and perfect the administrative adjudication system of our country.This article have a discussion about the predominance and feasibility and justice of administrative adjudication, then summarizes the actuality of administrative adjudication system in China and indicates its drawbacks. Hence conclusion is drawn that administrative adjudication system of our country should be reconstructed. This article has four chapters except preface and conclusion.Chapter one: attaches great importance to the elementary theory of administrative adjudication. This part begins with a definition of the inherent sense of administrative adjudication, then author have made analysis on its characteristic and legal nature. Form the upper content, author have made analysis on its predominance, feasibility, justice and scope.Chapter two: foreign administrative adjudication systems. In this part, author introduce administrative tribunal of England, independent regulatory commissions of America and administrative commissions of Japan, then sum up its inspiration.Chapter three: actuality and reconstruction of administrative adjudication in China. In this part, author analysis the substantiality and procedure’s drawbacks on the base of summarizing the active rule of administrative adjudication system of our country, then put forward the basic principle of reconstruction and the respect of institution design. Chapter four: design of adjudication procedure and institution of adjudication relief. In this part, firstly, author analyses the necessity of procedure design, and advance that justice, fair first and power control should be the as main value in the course of procedure design. At the same time, author emphasizes that the procedure of administrative adjudication should be independent and integrated and concrete. Secondly, author analysis the relief mode of administrative adjudication, and advance that we should distinguish administrative adjudication, and apply different relief modes.From the upper contents, we can draw a conclusion: administrative adjudication can effectively resolve some given dispute concerning administrative regulation. Because of the backwardness of the institution of our country, the exertion of administrative adjudication’s predominance is restricted. Author advise that we should enhance the quality of legislation and govern administrative adjudication.更多还原