【作者】 陈石磊；

【导师】 刘贵喜；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 电路与系统， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 全球定位系统(GPS)是一个实时、全天候和全球性的星基导航定位系统,它的建立从根本上解决了人类在地球上的导航和定位问题,GPS卫星定位日益广泛地运用于测绘、导航、天文、通讯,并且更深入地普及到了经济和国防建设及人们的日常生活之中,展现了良好应用前景。GPS载波相位定位技术是为提高定位精度而产生和发展起来的,在此基础上逐步完善了差分GPS技术(DGPS),这些技术在很大程度上提高了GPS定位精度,拓展了GPS应用范围。本文所做的工作就是对载波相位定位和差分技术进行了系统的探讨。文章首先介绍了全球定位系统GPS的组成及功能,分析各种误差对定位的影响,讨论了基本的观测模型以及绝对定位的原理,对两种基本观测量的绝对定位进行了仿真,分析了结果;阐述了载波相位差分系统的数学模型和工作原理,并用仿真确定了其定位性能;介绍了整周模糊度求解的基本思想,分析了静态和动态各种模糊度求解方法,重点对最小二乘降相关平差法(LAMBDA)方法进行讨论,给出了算法实现流程,并进行了实验仿真。更多还原

【Abstract】 Global position system (GPS) is a real time, all climate, global navigation and positioning system base on satellites. It has a lot of applications in many fields in mapping, navigation, communication, economy and national defence and so on.The GPS position based on carrier phase measurement is produced and developed for the exaltation of positioning accuracy. Differential relative positioning of GPS (DGPS) is gradually perfected. On the basic of above, this, to a great extent, enhanced the precision of GPS positioning and widened the application range of GPS. In this paper, we systematically discuss the theory and method of the technique of carrier phase and differential GPS.Firstly, this paper introduced the components and features of GPS, the form of satellite signal and how to compute the position of satellite. We discussed the basic observation mathematic model of GPS. Two basic observation functions are introduced in detail. We analyzed infections of various errors, and simulated the single positioning through the two basic observation values; then we discussed the working principle and the mathematic model of differential positioning technology with GPS carrier phase in real time, and gived three models of linear combination of carrier phase, and simulate its performance. Integer ambiguity resolution is described mainly at last. We analyzed the diversified methods of ambiguity resolution under the dynamic and the static condition respectively. The LAMBDA (Least-squares AMBiguity Decorrelation Adjustment) was emphasized, and the resolving step and flow chart of this method were offered. We could clearly see that it improves precise and real time of positioning by simulating and analyzing the results of the float and the fixed solutions. It is meaningful to deal with the real time, dynamic and precise positioning.更多还原