【作者】 施慰；

【导师】 赵月；

【作者基本信息】 同济大学 ， 设计艺术学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 中国传统民居是数千年来我国居住经验的结晶,是住宅和自然气候良好结合的典范。因此,对民居进行研究,发现其适应自然环境的方法对现今住宅的设计与建造具有指导意义。本文首先通过对吉林、北京、晋中、皖南、江苏、闽南六个不同纬度地区庭院式民居利用日照的方式进行调查、罗列以及分析各方式之间的关系,从中找出六个地点共有的日照利用方式,提取这些方式中对应的变量,如庭院高宽比、庭院长宽比等。随后,对变量进行统计,寻找各地民居之间存在的差异。确定各地民居中变量的取值范围。通过对多个变量的取值范围进行汇总,从而描述各地民居在不同日照情况下所体现出的形制特征,即各地民居基本体。然后,综合各地区气温、日照情况推导出民居对日照的需求程度。接着,将日照需求程度与民居形制变化的情况综合考虑,得到以日照需求度变化为参照的民居形制变化情况,通过这些变化情况进一步推出由于日照需求度不同而引起的民居变化趋势。这些趋势与民居基本体共同构成了民居日照适应性。最后,找出民居日照适应性的特点,并与现今住宅的日照适应情况做比较,从对比中发现民居日照适应性中可以借鉴的方面,并对完善现今住宅的日照适应性工作和研究进行展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese vernacular dwelling is regarded as the result of thousands of years’ wisdom and a good example of the combination of human life and nature. Therefore, the study of Chinese vernacular dwellings may tell how people adapt to the nature, which is very meaningful to modern dwelling design and construction.Through the on-site study of the yard dwelling on different latitudes in Jilin, Beijing, Jinzhong, Wannan, Jiangsu, Mingnan, the dissertation conducted a research on how residents make use of the sunlight and made a full analysis of the data acquired. As a result, the disseratation found out the common knowledge of sunlitght-using in these six areas and illustrated some data shared by these yard dwellings such as the ratio of yard’s three dimensions.Besides, the study shows that there are differences among the sunlight-using parameters in different areas. Thus, the dissertation also defined the range of sunlight-using parameters in different dwellings and described basic performance of dwellings in different areas.With the help of data of temperture and sunlight in different areas, the dissertation caculated the sunlight demand of veracular dwelling. Since the dwelling’s form varies with the change of sunlight intensity, the author conculeded a rule of yard dwelling architecture based on the change of sunlight demand.Finally, the author had a further study of sunlight using rule of yard dwellings and found out that some parts of the rule are also applicable to modern dwellings. The author also drew a picture of the future study of the relation between sunlight and dewllings.更多还原