【作者】 李雨芯；

【导师】 徐祖信；

【作者基本信息】 同济大学 ， 环境工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,随着我国经济的快速发展,环境污染事故频发,给生态环境、社会经济和人民生命财产造成了重大损失。我国尚未建立系统的针对环境危险源的数据库,缺乏对环境危险源监管的工具以及环境污染事故预测的信息基础。本论文针对环境危险源的监管,突发性环境污染事故应急,以及环境危险源布局性风险等问题,展开环境危险源信息系统研究。地理信息系统(GIS)技术在空间信息数据的采集、管理、分析和输出方面功能强大,适于将环境危险源信息以方便分析和易于理解的形式进行处理和展示。同时,不断增加的城市管理网格化的成功案例为本文探讨城市环境危险源信息管理的方法提供了借鉴。本论文将GIS技术和网格化管理方法引入环境危险源信息管理系统的研究。研究的主要内容有:在现有资料的基础上筛选出需要关注的环境危险源,并根据其危险程度对筛选出的环境危险源进行分级;确定网格划分原则,进行网格的合理划分,优化信息的组织结构,以利于危险源周边环境信息的查询和环境危险源的监管;根据系统所需提供的各类信息和各种功能的分析,选择合适的软硬件平台进行GIS的二次开发,实现需要的相应功能。在环境危险源信息系统的框架体系研究的基础上,本论文以上海市某行政区为例开发了一套环境危险源信息系统。该系统实现了地图缩放、漫游、鹰眼图、标注、图层管理等基本地图操作功能,以及图形到属性信息的查询功能。该系统提供的图形选择工具有单个选择、圆形选择、矩形选择、任意形选择等普通选择工具,和网格选择工具。对所选要素进行查询操作可以了解该要素的空间信息和各种基本以及风险属性数据,从而能为环境危险源的监管、危险源选址、突发性环境污染事故应急提供环境危险源本身和其周边环境的各类信息。更多还原

【Abstract】 With rapid growth of our economy, the production, storage, transportation, and usage of various risky chemicals is increasing, which poses greater danger upon our society in the context of accelerated urbanization. However, no systematic environmental hazard sources database has been established in China to present, so no tool and information base is available in environmental hazard sources management and environmental emergency response.This thesis evolves the study of environmental hazard sources information system development aiming at solving informative problems in environmental hazard sources management, and environmental emergency response. GIS technology is functional in management, analysis, and output of spatial data. Meanwhile, the experience of successful utilization of grid management method in civil management in China is applicable in environmental hazard sources management. Therefore, this thesis introduced GIS and grid management method into the system development.The scope of the study included screening and rating method of environmental hazrd sources, grid partition principles, and the secondary development of GIS. A framework for information system based on GIS and grid management method was designed. And an example of the information system for a district in Shanghai was developed. We chose Access as the database management tool, Arc/INFO as the GIS platform, and VB.NET as the programming environment. The process of the development took several phases, such as information collection, grid partition, database building, map preparation, and GIS secondary development. The system developed is operational in basic map controlling, and information inquiry about hazard sources and their surroundings, and can be utilized in various aspects where environmental risk is concerned.更多还原