【作者】 王建兰；

【导师】 赵鹿军；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 国际法， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以民法基本原理为指导,以现行海上强制责任保险中的第三人直接请求权制度为借鉴,参照国内外保险法律制度中的第三人直接请求权的相关规定,对海上责任保险中第三人直接请求权制度的一些基本问题,如海上责任保险中第三人直接请求权制度的研究价值、理论基础、行使条件以及第三人行使权利所遭遇的抗辩作了初步研究,并提出立法建议。全文除了引言和结论共分4章。第1章对第三人直接请求权进行概述。介绍了海上责任保险中第三人直接请求权的含义、研究价值以及第三人取得直接请求权的理论基础。从民事责任理论、保险法理论和破产原理三方面阐述了海上责任保险中第三人直接请求权制度设立的合理性;从保护受害第三人合法权益、维护保险人的利益和被保险人的合法权利三个角度分析了海上责任保险中第三人直接请求权制度的可行性。第2章介绍了国内外关于第三人直接请求权的立法现状。本章列举了国际公约、英美法系以及大陆法系的国家和地区有关第三人直接请求权的规定,并且说明了我国海事诉讼特别程序法和海商法中对于第三人直接请求权规定的不足与缺失。第3章介绍了海上强制责任保险中的第三人直接请求权制度。概括介绍了目前国际上对于强制责任保险中第三人直接请求权的相关规定、行使的条件和第三人行使直接请求权所遭遇的抗辩。第4章对在海上任意责任保险中建立第三人请求权制度进行研究,此章是本文的重点。由于强制责任保险与任意责任保险本质上的不同,因此本章以权利转移说为依据,重点阐述了在海上任意责任保险中第三人行使直接请求权的条件、所遭受的抗辩。同时,分析了在海上任意责任保险中设立第三人直接请求权制度对现行法律制度产生的影响。最后,提出立法建议。根据本文的论述,结合我国法律现状,提出在我国《海商法》中以法律直接规定的形式,明确在法定条件下第三人的直接请求权,赋予第三人更加完善的保护。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the basic tenets of the Civil Law as a guide, borrowing ideas from the direct claim to the third party system in the existing maritime compulsory liability insurance, combined with the specific conditions in China, the thesis gives a preliminary study on some fundamental problems of the third party’s direct claim system in maritime liability insurance, such as the research value of the system, the theoretical foundation, enforcing conditions as well as the defense of the third party suffered and put forward legislative proposals. In addition to the introduction and the conclusion, the thesis is divided into four chapters.The first chapter gives an overview on the direct claim to the third party. It introduces the definition of the third-person direct claim system in marine liability insurance, the research value and the theoretical basis. From the three perspectives of civil liability theory, the theory of insurance and bankruptcy, the thesis illustrates the rationality of the third-person direct claim system in the sea liability insurance and its feasibility from -the three perspectives of protecting the legitimate rights and interests of victims, safeguarding the interests of the insurer and the insured’s legal rights. The thesis sheds light on the school of the direct request of the creditors the right of subrogation, the school of the responsibility for payment from that transfer of power and the school of the original made a statement.The second chapter describes the legislative status quo of the direct claim to the third party at home and abroad. This chapter lays out the third-person direct claim system in International Conventions, Common Law and the related regulations of Civil Law Countries and Regions, and points out the flaws of the third party direct claim system in the proceedings of the special procedures of the Marine Act and the Maritime Law. The third chapter describes the third-person direct claim system in the maritime compulsory liability insurance. It gives an overview of the current relevant provisions of the third-person direct request system in international compulsory liability insurance and enforcing conditions as well as the defense of the third person suffered.The fourth chapter is the key part of the thesis and studies the establishment of third-party direct claim system in the arbitrary liability insurance. Owing to differences on nature of the compulsory liability insurance and liability insurance arbitrary, the chapter focuses on the right to transfer the liability insurance in the third arbitrary exercise of the right to directly claim the conditions suffered by the defenses. At the same time, in the any liability insurance in the establishment of a third request directly to the existing system of the impact of the legal system.At last, propose legislative advice. According to this paper, discussed in light of China’s current legal status quo, in China by the "CMC" provisions of the law directly in the form of clear statutory conditions in the direct claim to give the third person better protection.更多还原