【作者】 邵泽毅；

【导师】 秦伟；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 法律， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 民事公益诉讼是近年来诉讼法学界、经济法学界以及社会学等各界广泛关注的法律现象和社会现象。在实行依法治国,构建和谐社会的今天,法律日益成为人们维护权益、实现公平、捍卫正义的基本手段和最终保障。然而实践中存在大量侵害公共利益的行为,面对传统民事诉讼原告资格制度的理论制约,其制度宗旨无法实现。根据权利是司法的基点,任何权利都有其所有者和行使者的法学机理,公共利益的界定,权利主体的明确,是实现民事公益的开放性保护,开启进入民事公益诉讼的救济之门,原告资格制度也自然成为解决民事公益诉讼的首要问题。本文从我国民事公益诉讼现状出发,通过对国外制度和理论的吸收借鉴,对我国民事公益诉讼的多元化——公民个人、社会团体、检察机关提起民事公益诉讼提出若干设想。任何理论研究,都要把握时代脉搏,遵循自身的内在逻辑,使用科学的研究方法,本文通过实证方法、概念分析、比较分析、目的分析、综合分析等研究方法,来考察现实,借鉴国外,寻找理论支撑,提出制度设计。本文共分五部分:第一部分:起兴与扩张:我国民事公益诉讼的研究价值与对传统原告资格理论的挑战。通过一些背景材料的全景展示,详细解读民事公共利益纳入司法视域的急困性,作为一个审判盲区,通过对实践中制裁民事公益违法行为的司法尝试分析,阐释了制裁民事公益违法行为的司法无助性,进而提出问题的关键,就是传统的民事诉讼存在理论障碍,民事公益诉讼度呼唤传统原告资格理论的扩张。第二部分:概念与辨明:公共利益、公益诉讼与民事公益诉讼的递进关系及内涵界定。鉴于“公共利益”概念的抽象性和不确定性,如果把它作为一种权利,纳入实体法保护,必须明确其权利主体,谁享有民事公益诉讼的原告主体资格?通过公共利益的科学界定,层层阐明公益诉讼、民事公益诉讼以及与相关概念的区分。第三部分:基础与超越:民事公益诉讼原告资格理论的发展完善与应然态势。通过对当事人适格理论、诉权理论、社会权理论、处分权理论、人民主权理论、权力制约理论的分析,原告资格的多元化是民事公益诉讼的必然选择第四部分:借鉴与吸纳:两大法系民事公益诉讼原告资格制度的成熟模式与比对分析。通过对古罗马、德国、法国、日本等大陆法系国家和英国、美国、印度等英美法系国家关于民事公益诉讼原告资格制度的比对,为我国民事公益诉讼的原告资格制度提供了借鉴蓝本。第五部分:展望与设想:我国民事公益诉讼原告资格制度的路径选择与机制保障。通过以上分析比较借鉴,提出了我国民事公益诉讼原告资格多元化及其机制保障的具体设想,检察机关、社会团体和公民个人提起民事公益诉讼的立体式全方位民事公益诉讼原告资格制度得以确立。更多还原

【Abstract】 Civil public interest litigation in the civil procedural law is the public interest litigation academic, economic and academic circles sociology widespread concern in the legal and social phenomenon. In implementing the rule of law and building a harmonious society today, people become legal safeguard interests of fairness, the basic means to defend justice and the ultimate protection. In practice, however large acts against the public interest, in the face of the traditional system of civil plaintiff eligible theory, the system of civil litigation purposes can not be realized. The basic point is the right to justice, has any right to exercise its owners and. How to define the public interest and clear rights in the open public access to civil litigation relief to the door, the opening of public civil protection, the first public interest litigation settlement of the civil plaintiff qualifications. This paper from China’s civil status of public interest litigation by the foreign system and the theory of reference for China’s civil Public Interest Litigation diversification - individual citizens, community groups, the procuratorial organs to public interest litigation filed several civil envisaged.Any theoretical study must grasp the pulse of the times, following its own internal logic, the use of scientific research methods, the paper through empirical methods, the concept of comparative analysis to analysis, synthesis and analysis of research methods to study the reality and from abroad to find theoretical support, proposed design of the system. Divided into five parts:Part I: rise and expansion: My civil Public Interest Litigation and the research value of the plaintiff for the traditional theory challenges. Some of the background material through the panoramic display, detailed interpretation in the public interest in civil justice Horizon acute hardship of a trial as a blind spot, right through the public practice of civil sanctions violations to the judicial analysis, interpretation of the sanctions violations of the civil justice not charity, which raised the questions, the key is, the traditional theory of civil disorder there, public interest litigation in the civil plaintiffs calling for the traditional theory of expansion.Part II: Concept and identification: public interest, public interest litigation and civil litigation public relations and the progressive definition content. Given the "public interest" and the abstract concept of uncertainty, if you turn it as a right, the substantive law protection, we must clarify its rights in the public who enjoy civil litigation plaintiff main qualifications? Through the scientific definition of the public interest levels, clarify public interest litigation, civil litigation and the public the distinction between related concepts.Part III: Foundation and beyond the foundation: Civil Litigation for Community Development Theory and should-perfect posture. The parties fitness lattice theory, appeal theory, social theory, dispositions theory, the people’s sovereignty theory, the analysis of power theory, the plaintiff eligible pluralism is a public interest litigation in the civil inevitable choice.PART IV: Reference and absorbency: Two Schools of Public Interest Litigation civil plaintiff qualification system than the mature model and the analysis. Through the comparison of the ancient Rome, Germany, France, Japan and other civil law countries and the United Kingdom, the United States, India, Britain and the United States on civil law countries eligible plaintiff public interest litigation system than for the welfare of China’s civil litigation system provided for the plaintiff based on the reference.PART V: Prospects and the vision: My civil plaintiff eligible public interest litigation system and mechanism to choose the path to security. Through the above analysis and comparison of experiences, to our civil plaintiff public interest litigation mechanism for diversification and protection of specific ideas, procuratorial organs, social groups and individual citizens in public interest litigation filed civil stereo-all eligible civil plaintiff public interest litigation system has been established.更多还原