【作者】 孙学军；

【导师】 冯德军；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 无线电物理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 光纤传感是融纤维光学、微电子学、精密机械和计算机等学科于一体的高新技术,这就注定它是一门技术难度大,协作配套广的知识密集型产业。故对其理论的深层次研究和新原理光纤传感器的开发成为当务之急。光纤传感器可从光纤传感原理、被测对象、信号调制方式等不同的角度分类,光纤传感器按被调制的光波参数的不同分为五种光纤传感器。分别为强度调制型光纤传感器、偏振调制型光纤传感器、频率调制型光纤传感器、相位调制型光纤传感器和波长调制型光纤传感器。本文概述了国内外光纤传感器的发展现状,研究设计了一种基于全光纤马赫-泽德尔(Mach-Zehnder)干涉仪的相位调制型光纤传感器。全光纤的Mach-Zehnder干涉仪是一种重要的干涉器件,因其具有干涉现象、体积小、重量轻、结构紧凑、灵敏度高等特点,可用于光纤通讯和光纤传感领域。首先文章阐述了相位调制型光纤传感器的基本原理,其次阐述了光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪的基本原理,以及光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪的研究现状及应用情况。并分别用散射矩阵分析法和干涉分析法对全光纤的Mach-Zehnder干涉仪做了理论分析和计算机编程的数值模拟。针对环境因素对于光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪干涉效果的影响做了分析。在此基础上,利用相位调制法设计了基于全光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪的温度传感装置,对Mach-Zehnder干涉仪进行了实验研究,实验中通过改变测量臂温度的方法改变Mach-Zehnder干涉仪的臂长差,研究了外加温度与干涉仪光谱的输出关系,采用波长定标的方法,当温度在26℃—80℃的区间变化时,得出了干涉谱线中某一特定波长的移动与外加温度的关系,得到了0.957nm波长调节范围,对应干涉仪相位改变约4π,线性拟合度达到0.972。理论与实验得到较好的吻和。实验结果表明,该文设计的传感器结构简单、灵敏度高、价格低、易于实际应用,有广泛的应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fiber Optic Sensor is a high-tech discipline which melts fiber optics, micro-electronics, precision machinery, computers technologies and so on. So it can be called a difficult technological industry with extensive cooperation of multi-subject. It has become the urgent affairs that the corresponding theory should be deeply studied and the novel fiber optic sensors be developed .Fiber optic sensor can be categorized by the principle of fibre optic sensor,the object measured, and signal modulation method and so on. According to the light wave parameters which is modulated , Fiber optic sensor is classified into five kinds of optical-fiber sensor, namely, intensity modulation fiber-optic sensor, phase modulation fiber-optic sensor, frequency modulation fiber-optic sensor, polarization modulation fiber-optic sensor, wavelength modulation fiber-optic sensor. The current research status of domestic and overseas fiber optic sensors are summarized in this paper. And then a kind of phase modulation fiber-optic sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure is designed and studied.The all-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer is an important interference devices with the virtues of small size, light weight, compact structure and high sensitivity. Therefore, many important applications of it has been found and will be developed during the fiber-optic communications and optical sensing regions.Firstly, the basic principle of phase modulation type optical fiber sensor and demodulation technology are reviewed in this paper. Secondly, the basic principles, the research status and the applications of Mach-Zehnder interferometer are depicted. Then the all-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer is studied theoretically and numerically simulated with scattering matrix method and interference analysis method, respectively. The influence of the circumstance on the interference effect of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer is analyzed. On this basis, A kind of temperature sensor device based on all-fibre Mach-Zehnder interferometer is designed through phase modulation method. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer has been studied experimently. During experiment, through changing the path difference of the two arms of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer by changing the temperature, we study the relationship between the output spectrum of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and external temperature. Adopting the wavelength scale method ,we get the relationship between the shifting wavelength and external temperature While temperature is from 26℃—80℃. The tuning range is 0. 957 nm .The phase range is about Aπ. The fitting linearity is up to 0.972. The experimental results show good consistency with the theoretical ones.Experimental results show that the design of the sensor has the advantages of simple-structure, higher-sensitivity, low-price, easy to apply in practice. So it has extensive application value in the sensing regions.更多还原