【作者】 吴世科；

【导师】 周清华；

【作者基本信息】 大连海事大学 ， 国际法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 政府采购是当今世界各国政府管理社会经济生活的一种重要手段,是市场经济国家为加强财政支出管理所普遍采用的一种有效方式,也是我国财政改革的一项重要内容。实行政府采购制度能够提高政府财政资金的使用效率、规范政府消费行为、减少各种腐败现象、促进市场体系的发育和完善,因此,倍受世界各市场经济国家的普遍重视和采用。乌拉圭回合达成的《政府采购协定》,属于WTO成员方自愿参加的诸边协议,只对签署此协议的成员国具有约束力,但由于此协议被许多加入WTO的发达国家认为是体现WTO的市场开放度和公平竞争的原则,所以其重要性远远超出其本身具有的涵义。虽然我国在正式成为WTO成员时,并未签署该协议,但近年来我国对国内政府采购市场的保护,已经受到了越来越大的国际压力。随着经济全球化的形成和国际贸易自由化体系的日臻完善,政府采购不可避免地将被列入贸易自由化进程。开放政府采购市场已经受到越来越多的国家的重视,加入WTO《政府采购协议》、开放我国政府采购市场只是时间问题。政府采购市场的开放具有两面性,加入《政府采购协议》既可以享受它国开放市场的好处,也要承担开放本国市场的义务与责任。对于我国加入《政府采购协议》,应当以一种辩证的、战略的眼光来对待。我国自建立政府采购制度以来,各地政府采购活动蓬勃发展,已取得良好的社会效益,取得的成绩是卓越的。但由于我国现在还没有加入《政府采购协议》,而我国《政府采购法》所面对的是国内的政府采购市场,其中的法律条款中有许多跟《政府采购协议》规定不相衔接的地方。因此,有必要通过比较《政府采购协议》与我国《政府采购法》的差异中发现其中的问题并提出完善我国政府采购法律制度的建议。我国已承诺在不久的将来对外开放国内政府采购市场,到那时我国政府采购领域将面临国内外的激烈的竞争。如何利用现在这段难得的缓冲期尽快完善我国政府采购法律制度,提高国内采购企业的竞争力是我们现在要解决的问题。本文以加入世界贸易组织《政府采购协定》的谈判为宗旨,运用分析和比较的研究方法,通过对政府采购概念、特点的归纳,阐述了世界贸易组织政府采购法律制度的历史沿革,重点剖析了WTO《政府采购协议》修订文本对中国的影响,指出了我国《政府采购法》的不足和待完善之处,并且针对加入《政府采购协议》的市场保护对策提出了几点构想。更多还原

【Abstract】 The government procurement is one of the important means for current countries’ governments in the world to administrate the social economy; it is one kind of effective ways which marketing economy countries usually adopt for increasing the management of government spending. And also, it is an important part of the financial reform of China. Establishing government procurement system can improve the efficiency of the use of government financial capital, regulate government’s consuming behavior, reduce the corruption phenomena, and promote the growth and perfection of the market economy system. Therefore, it is generally adopted by marketing economy countries.The Agreement on Government Procurement that Uruguayan round reached, is a plurilateral agreement which is voluntarily joined by the members of WTO and only binding on the parties who have signed it. However, this agreement is considered as a principle embodying the opening degree of market and fair competition by the developed countries of the WTO so its importance has beyond the implication containing in itself. Although China has not signed this agreement when entering the WTO, our protection of the domestic government procurement market has been put upon large international pressure. With the forming of economical globalization and the perfection of liberalization system of international trade, the government procurement will be surely brought into the course of liberalization of international trade. Opening of the government procurement market has been attached more and more importance now, it is just a problem of time to join the Agreement on Government Procurement and open our government procurement market.Opening the government procurement market has two sides. After joining the Agreement on Government Procurement, we can enjoy the benefits of other countries’ markets but undertake the liability to open our domestic market as well. We should treat it in a dialectical view. Since China has set up the government procurement system, we have gotten good social benefits and obtained outstanding record, however, because our country has not joined the Agreement on Government Procurement and our country’s government procurement law only governs the domestic government procurement market, our country’s law has a lot of stipulation that do not link up with the WTO agreement properly so it is necessary for us to compare the Agreement on Government procurement with our country’s government procurement law to find out the problems and perfect government procurement law of China. China has promised to open the domestic government procurement market in the near future, and then the government procurement field of China will face both domestic and international competition. How to correct the government procurement legal system of China and raise the competence of domestic procurement enterprise is the problem we need to solve as soon as possible.For the purpose of entering the Agreement on Government Procurement, this paper, applying analysis and compare methods by concluding the definition and characteristic of government procurement, analyzes the development of the legal system of WTO related to government procurement. It emphatically expounds the influence of the revision of the Agreement on Government Procurement on China. This paper points out the insufficiency and defects to perfect of Chinese Government Procurement Law and also gives several propositions on how to protect the market after entering the Agreement on Government Procurement更多还原