【作者】 李锐；

【导师】 江南；

【作者基本信息】 解放军信息工程大学 ， 地图制图学与地理信息工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着3S技术的飞速发展,人们开始利用数字高程模型DEM和遥感影像等数据源进行地貌特征信息提取。国内外有关数字地貌信息定量提取方法的研究多集中在利用DEN进行坡度分级、大区域起伏度计算、山地和盆地等大地貌单元、特殊地貌特征线的提取上,而利用DEM和遥感影像进行典型地貌和微地貌信息提取的研究相对较少。1.本论文利用TM和ETM遥感影像,通过对各种形态特征的反复判读和比较,建立了沙漠地貌解译的遥感解译标志。遥感影像解译标志能帮助判读者识别遥感图像上的目标地物或现象,对沙漠地貌形态的提取结果进行修正以及沙漠地貌解译都提供了基础和支持。2.利用DEM和遥感影像,在ArcGIS9.0平台上对沙漠地貌单元进行了自动提取。利用DEM提取地貌形态的定量指标(如坡度、曲率、剖面线等)以确定地貌的边缘界限,为沙漠地貌的定量研究提供准确的地理信息和科学的研究依据。3.对于用DEM不能够自动提取的沙漠类型,或者自动提取后与实际地貌类型某些地方还存在着出入的沙漠类型,需要利用遥感影像上的色相、纹理、形状、大小、阴影等特征,进行人工解译,对比分析进行判读,以便提高沙漠地貌类型边界线的准确性。然后对地貌赋属性并进行信息集成。4.对沙漠地貌单元提取完成后,可以按沙漠的成因、流动特征和形态特征进行分类和面积的统计。利用统计结果定量化研究了新疆不同沙漠的成因、不同形态的沙漠地貌类型的空间分布格局及其组合关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of GIS, RS and GPS, people attempt to extract the geomorphological features from kinds of data sources, such as aerial photos, satellite images and DEM. The research at home and abroad on the quantitative extraction methods of numerical geomorphological information mostly focus on the classification of slope by using DEM, the calculation of geomorphology in large areas, the typical line extraction of large geomorphological units such as mountains and basins or special geomorphology. The extraction research of typical geomorphological information by using DEM and remote sensing images, however, is less relative.1. By repeatedly comparing and interpreting the morphological characteristic on the TM and ETM remote sensing images, the paper completes the interpreting marks of remote sensing features of desert landform. The remote sensing interpreting marks can help the interpreters identify the target object on the remote sensing images, and it also provides support and foundation for the modification of the extraction result of the desert morphologic feature and the desert geomorphology interpretation.2. On ArcGIS 9.0 platform, the paper implemented automatical extraction of geomorphology unit on TM and ETM remote sensing images, In the research, the author uses DEM to extract the quantitative indexes (such as slope, curvature, and section line and so on) of the morphologic feature to determine the geomorphology boundary, which provided accurate geographic information and scientific gist for quantitative research of desert geomorphology.3. For those desert types that can not be extracted by DEM automatically or have discrepancy with the actual geomorphology after being extracted need being interpreted manually via the hue, texture, shape, size, shadow and so on, so as to improve the accuracy of the desert boundary. Then add attributes to it and integrate all the informations.4. After completing the extraction of the desert geomorphology unit, we can classify and calculate the area of the desert according to its formation cause, moving features and morphologic feature. According to the statistical result, the author researched the different causes of desert landform, spatial distributing pattern and combining relation of different geomorphic desert landform types quantitatively.更多还原