论我国商业贿赂犯罪刑事立法的不足与完善

【作者】 王伟伟；

【导师】 尹春丽；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 法律， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放以来,我国的经济和社会发展取得了举世瞩目的成就,但是,在我国改革开放建设社会主义市场经济的进程中,商业贿赂犯罪也在不断滋生蔓延,造成了严重的政治、经济和社会危害。商业贿赂在我国如此泛滥,固然是多种因素综合作用的结果,但法律相对滞后无疑也起到了推波助澜的作用。本文围绕法律相对滞后这一问题,对我国商业贿赂犯罪的范围进行了界定,介绍了我国商业贿赂犯罪的现状,回顾了我国商业贿赂犯罪的刑事立法历程,并通过对国际立法模式的比较,在指出我国商业贿赂犯罪刑事立法存在的缺陷和不足的基础上,在新罪名的增设、犯罪构成要件的完善、刑罚的设置等方面提出了自己的构想。本文主体共分三个部分:第一部分:首先立足于我国现行刑法以受贿主体为标准对贿赂犯罪进行分类设置的状况,通过对有关商业贿赂犯罪范围的广义与狭义的两种观点的评析,指出商业贿赂犯罪的范围应该界定为包括公职贿赂犯罪和私营部门人员的贿赂犯罪。其次分析了当前我国商业犯罪所呈现的新特征,阐明了商业贿赂犯罪产生的根源和商业贿赂犯罪的危害性,从而显示出当前加强商业贿赂犯罪的刑事立法的必要性和迫切性。第二部分:介绍了建国以来我国有关商业贿赂犯罪刑事立法发展的历史过程,目前我国刑法中关于商业贿赂犯罪的具体罪名及世界各国对商业贿赂犯罪的主要立法模式和国际法律文件的相关规定;通过与《联合国反腐败公约》中有关商业贿赂犯罪的规定相比较,指出我国现有的商业贿赂犯罪立法在罪名设置、犯罪主体、犯罪行为对象等方面存在的不足。第三部分:针对我国刑事立法上的缺陷和不足,提出应当从以下三个方面对我国商业贿赂犯罪的刑事立法加以完善。首先,完善对商业贿赂犯罪的罪名设置:增设“对外国公职人员或者国际公共组织官员行贿罪”、“影响力交易罪”;其次,完善商业贿赂犯罪的犯罪构成要件:扩大商业贿赂犯罪的犯罪对象,修改行贿犯罪的主观构成要件和修改被动收受型受贿犯罪的客观构成要件,明确商业受贿犯罪中的行为形式,补充商业行贿行为的行为方式,增加介绍贿赂行为的行为对象;第三,完善商业贿赂犯罪的刑罚设置:修改商业行贿犯罪的法定刑、废除我国刑法关于商业贿赂犯罪的死刑设置、增加财产刑的适用种类和适用范围、增设资格刑。更多还原

【Abstract】 China has made world-famous achievements in economical and social developments since reform and opening policy was established. However, commercial bribery has been breeding and spreading during the course of socialistic marketing economy construction, which results in serious political, economical and social harm. The phenomenon that commercial bribery has spread so widely in China , must have been caused by interaction of multi factors. Meanwhile, the factor of relative lagging of legislation undoubtedly has played a role in speeding up the consequence. Surrounding the problem of relative lagging of legislation, this article will firstly identify the scope of the crime of commercial bribery in China, introduce current status of commercial bribery crimes of our country, review the history of criminal legislation about the crime of commercial bribery in China. Meanwhile, by contrasting international legislative models of the crime of commercial bribery, it will point out the defects and inadequateness of criminal legislation of commercial bribery and bring forward its own propositions in aspects of adding new crimes, improving criminal constituent prerequisites and interposing punishments etc.This paper is made up of three parts as followed:In the first part, the author will centre on current classification circumstance of bribery crimes according to the subject of accepting bribery in Chinese criminal law nowadays, appraise two viewpoints including broad sense and narrow sense as to the scope of commercial bribery crimes and point out that its scope shall comprise bribery crimes made both by public servants and by staff of private enterprises. Then she will analyze new characteristics of commercial bribery crimes in China, expound its origination and social harmfulness of commercial bribery crimes and demonstrate the necessity and urgency of strengthening criminal legislation on commercial bribery crimes.In the second part, the writer will overview the historical process of criminal legislation on commercial bribery crimes in China since 1949 ,recommending specific accusations of commercial bribery crimes in current Chinese criminal law and international legislative models of commercial bribery crimes and relevant regulations of international legal documents. Moreover, she will point out current defects and inadequateness of criminal legislation of commercial bribery as far as crime institution, crime subjects, objects of criminal behavior are concerned.In the third section, the author will propose her own suggestions on improving Chinese criminal legislation of commercial bribery to overcome its current defects and inadequateness. Above all, she advises that we should add the crime of giving bribery to public staff employed by foreign governments or international public organizations and the crime of deal of influence in order to improve current institution of commercial bribery crimes. Then, she suggests that we shall broaden the subjects and criminal objects of commercial bribery crimes, revise subjective constituents of giving bribery, amend objective constituents of receiving bribery passively, provide behavioral forms of commercial bribery crimes explicitly and enact new behavioral objects of introducing bribery, so as to improve current constituents of commercial bribery crimes. Last, she raises some propositions to perfect the establishment of punishments of commercial bribery crimes, including amending legal punishment of giving bribery, abolishing death penalty institution of commercial bribery crimes in current Chinese criminal law , increasing application type and scope of property punishment and enacting qualification punishment.更多还原