【作者】 孙杰；

【导师】 郑洁；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风与空调工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 我国乃至世界的能源形势日趋紧张,而建筑能耗比重也在逐渐增加,其中大部分用于采暖、通风与空调。为了降低这部分能耗,可以对此类建筑进行实际测试和调查,找出存在节能潜力之处,有针对性的实施相应的节能策略。节能策略的提出是建立在数据实测和调查的基础上的,而且随着地区的气象特征不同而不同。因此,我国各地区进行关于公共建筑空调系统能耗状况以及节能技术在公共建筑空调系统中节能潜力的研究是十分必要的。本文通过实际测试和调查对重庆市的某些校内办公建筑和政府办公建筑进行了分析和研究。根据实际测试所得的建筑热工性能数据和设备运行数据,分析了这些办公建筑的能耗特性,找出了存在节能潜力的地方,结合能耗模拟,提出了有针对性的节能策略。主要内容包括:①本文对重庆市的几座办公建筑进行了调研,并对其中一座进行了重点测试。提出对改办公建筑的热工特性的测试方法,包括对建筑内部平均温度、外墙传热系数和外窗的传热系数的测试等。同时,也提出了对空调系统运行状况的测试方案,得到了冷机的蒸发器进出口温度,冷凝器进出口温度,冷水流量等,并得到了冷机的COP。指出了该建筑运行管理过程中存在的问题和空调系统能耗特点;②本文以EnergyPlus为模拟工具,以重庆市某办公建筑为基础,建立建筑模型,模拟分析了该办公建筑全年能耗情况及。探讨了冬、夏两季不同的室内设定温度对建筑能耗的影响,并对其不同水平的窗墙比、照明能耗、人员密度、遮阳情况等进行模拟,找出该办公建筑的节能潜力。并利用正交表和方差分析找出对影响办公建筑能耗因素进行显著性排序;③分析重庆地区的气候特征,结合测试和调查时发现的问题以及能耗模拟的结果,提出夜间冷却、设置外遮阳、利用太阳能、减少照明能耗以及加强能源管理等建筑节能策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 The energy situation in the world and China is becoming urgency, and the energy consumed in buildings is gradually increasing, and the most of the energy is used for heating, ventilation and air-conditioning. To reduce this part, the energy-saving strategies must be formed and carried out on purpose. In order to achieve this object we could test and investigate the buildings and identify where the potential of energy-saving exists. The region and climate character can also influence the process of strategy making, so it is necessary to discuss the energy efficiency potential and strategy according to different climate and location. In a word, it is very necessary to research the level of energy consumption of the air-conditioning system in commercial buildings and energy efficiency technology in central air conditioning of commercial buildings. Based on testing and investigation, some office buildings in Chongqing were analyzed in this paper. The characters of office buildings are acquired by analyzing the testing data of the HVAC system and building envelop. The energy saving potential was found out and the characters of the tested buildings were obtained. Based on these conclusions and energy consumption simulation, energy saving strategy was summarized.The main contents include:①The plans for testing were proposed, the thermal characteristics of the office building, including the average temperature within the building, heat transfer coefficient of the external walls and windows were measured. At the same time, the scheme of testing the operational data of the chiller and other components of the HVAC system was proposed too. The inlet and outlet temperature of the evaporator and condenser were tested and the flow of the chilled water was also tested. And the COP of the chiller was acquired by calculation;②A modeler has been established based on an office building in Chongqing by the simulation tool EnergyPlus. The annual energy consumption of the office buildings has been acquired by simulation. A smaller modeler was established and the cases on different design indoor temperature of the smaller modeler in winter and summer were analyzed, and its window wall ratio, lighting energy consumption, staff density, exterior shading type and the HVAC type have been changed and different results of energy consumption were acquired. The energy saving potential of the office building in Chongqing was found out by analyzing these simulation results. And the significance of each factor was identified by orthogonal tables and variance analysis. And the factors that affect the building energy consumption were ranged based on their significance;③The climate and region character of Chongqing was analyzed. Integrated with the investigation and simulation, the energy efficiecy strategies that include using night cooling, using exterior shading, using solar energy and implementing more reasonable energy managements for office building in Chongqing were proposed.更多还原