【作者】 徐代宏；

【导师】 仇文革； 王广钟；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 建筑与土木工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 在我国的铁路、公路、市政、水电等工程建设中，经常会遇到浅埋偏压软弱围岩隧道。这类隧道的施工方法自上世纪八十年代以来，随着新奥法原理的推广应用，施工支护方式有了长足的发展。采取超前支护、钢架、径向锚杆，网喷混凝土等快速有效的支护措施，有效增强了围岩的自稳能力，大大加快了施工进度，同时安全、质量也得到强有力的保障。当前国内外各行业除施工方法、技术手段有较大进步外，隧道施工中越来越重视地质超前预报工作。除常规的超前钻孔外，近年来还大量应用物探的方法，如地震折射波法、声波反射法等进行施工期间的地质预测预报。为了使施工更加安全、快速、优质，提高经济效益；本文系统性地对这类隧道的关键技术(超前支护及预加固、隧道开挖、监控量测及隧道防排水等)进行了研究。并利用有限元对浅埋偏压隧道采用台阶法施工时的预加固及初期支护结构进行模拟，证明了在此类隧道施工中采用该施工方法是可行的。最后，在开挖隧道围岩稳定性及浅埋偏压隧道施工力学研究的基础上，提出了渝怀铁路尖坡岭隧道工程的合理施工技术方案，为整个隧道的安全施工提供了可靠的理论依据，确保施工得以顺利进行，并对今后类似工程的设计、施工有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 In country’s railways, highways, municipal, water and electricity projects, often encountered bias in shallow tunnels in soft rock. Such tunnel construction method since the 1980s, with the new Austrian law principle of application, Supporting construction methods developed by leaps and bounds. Take advance bracing, steel radial anchor, network sprayed concrete, rapid and effective support measures, effectively enhance the self-stability of the rock, greatly accelerate the construction schedule, safety, quality has been strong protection. Current domestic and foreign industries except construction methods and technical tools have more progress, Tunnel Construction increasing emphasis on geological forecasting. In addition to conventional drilling ahead, in recent years the large-scale application of geophysical methods, such as seismic refraction, Sonic reflection method for the construction of geological prediction.In order to make construction safer and more rapid, high-quality, and enhance economic efficiency, this paper systematically to such tunnels key technologies (advance support and reinforcing the tunnel excavation, Monitoring and drainage tunnels, etc.) were studied. And the use of finite element shallow right height bias Tunnel construction of the initial advance and strengthen the supporting structure for simulation, proved that the construction of such tunnels used the method is feasible.Finally, the stability of the rock excavation and shallow tunnel construction mechanical bias on the basis of, the Chongqing-Huaihua railway tunnel sharp slope of reasonable engineering construction technology program for the whole of the construction safety and provide a reliable theoretical basis and ensure the smooth, future projects of similar design and construction have some reference value.更多还原