基于变风量控制方式的冷藏集装箱船舱通风系统的节能研究

【作者】 刘涛；

【导师】 杨万枫；

【作者基本信息】 上海海事大学 ， 制冷及低温工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 受运价下跌和国际原油价格大幅上涨双重影响,现在许多船公司都面临着巨大的成本压力,同时,随着国际海事组织对海洋环境保护要求的提高,使得节能问题已是势在必行。随着微电子技术和电力电子学的发展,变频调速的应用日益广泛,采用变频调速器改变风机电机转速,实现节能的技术同趋成熟。本文主要是对冷藏集装箱在船舱装载情况下的通风散热系统耗能进行理论分析,并建立一套能够节省电能的控制系统,然后运用MATLAB-SIMULINK工具对其进行仿真模拟,最后通过实验证明,采用变频风机的通风散热系统是可行的,节能的。本文主要内容包括以下三个部分:首先,介绍了目前冷藏集装箱及冷藏集装箱船舶运输的概况,冷藏集装箱装载在船舱里存在的散热通风问题,针对船舱排风温度随外界环境变化的特点,经过理论分析,得出如采用变频调节就会有很好的节能效果。其次,建立了冷臧集装箱在船舱装载情况下的散热风机变频控制系统的数学模型,和冷藏集装箱在船舱装载情况下的散热风机变频控制系统的控制方案(采用PID控制),运用MATLAB对整个散热系统的变频节能进行了仿真模拟研究。最后,通过实验验证理论分析与仿真结果的正确性,并对变频节能的经济性进行分析。本文主要采用自动控制技术(PID控制)、变频技术及MATLAB仿真模拟和实验研究等手段来探讨用变频风机代替常规风机,用变风量代替定风量情况下的冷藏集装箱船舱通风散热系统的节能问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to the influence of the declining transport price and rising price of international crude petroleum, currently many shipping companies are facing to great cost pressure. And due to stricter rules form International Maritime Organization; energy efficiency problem is extremely urgent task at present.Along with the development of micro-electronic technology and power electronics, the varied frequency technique is increasingly used. For saving energy in the venting system, the varied rate fans are used to replace the constant rate fans. In this paper, the theoretical analysis method is used to research the energy saving of the heat dissipation and ventilation system in cabin, and, with the help of the MATLAB-SIMULINK tool, apply the simulation technique to imitate the system.The thesis includes the following three parts.Firstly, the paper tells us the survey of the present air temperature changes with outside environment, and the ventilation and heat radiation technology of refrigeration container in holder. Meanwhile it states the features about the varied frequency adjustment venting system, analyses it and draw the conclusion that people can obtain good result by applying variable regulation technology.Secondly, the author develops the models and the controlling designs (adoption of PID control) under the circumstance of the refrigerated containers in holds. On the other hand, the thesis applies MATLAB into making simulation research about variable regulation and energy efficiency technology of whole ventilation and heat radiation system.Lastly, the author verifies the correctness of theoretical analyses and simulation result with the experiments and makes the economical analyses of the varied frequency simulation technology.The thesis mainly discusses how people substitute the constant rate fans with the varied rate fans with the application of the automatic control technology (PID control), varied frequency simulation technique by MATLAB, a MATLBA simulation and experiment research and some other means; and discusses the energy efficiency problem of the ventilation and heat radiation technology of refrigeration container in holder at the situation of constant air volume (CAV) substituted by the variable air volume (VAV).更多还原