提高东北地区民用建筑能源利用效率措施研究

【作者】 韩彬；

【导师】 张传吉； 李岚；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 技术经济及管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 提高建筑能源利用效率，研究建筑节能措施，是近年来国内外关注的热点问题，符合当前世界节能环保的趋势。同时作为我国贯彻可持续发展战略和科教兴国战略的一个重要方面，提高建筑能源利用效率，也是执行节约能源、保护环境基本国策的组成部分，是我国经济体制改革和技术创新的迫切需要。本文正是在这种背景下提出的，通过对国内外建筑节能措施的分析，研究出一整套对东北地区有效的建筑节能的新技术，符合中国国情的新法规，开拓建筑节能市场，推动建筑节能产业的发展。提出建筑节能，首先要关注能源和环保问题，能源是发展国民经济、改善人民生活的重要物质基础。改革开放以来，随着中国经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高，我国已逐渐成为一个能源生产和消费大国。但能源资源情况不容乐观，总量不足，石油短缺，人均能源可采储量远低于世界平均水平。环境污染严重，能源利用效率低等问题将长期存在。建筑物在使用能源的过程中排放出大量的有害气体，影响人体的健康和动植物生存。因此，提高建筑能源利用效率是我国社会经济可持续发展的必然途径，也是建筑业产业升级的关键。我国东北地区建筑用能效率十分低下，提高建筑用能效率，推进民用建筑节能就显得十分重要。本文从建筑结构节能管理、采暖供热节能管理以及经济政策管理三个方面对如何推进东北地区民用建筑节能工作进行了研究，为完善我国东北地区民用建筑节能发展管理体系提供了理论依据。对东北地区来说，建筑节能可分为两部分：一是建筑物自身的节能，二是供热系统的节能。解决建筑节能的关键是找出建筑中能够产生热量损失的环节，提高供热系统的热效率，减少热量供应过程中的热损失，利用自然能源减少其它能源的使用。本文建筑结构节能管理主要从影响建筑结构能耗的因素、建筑结构节能的主要措施等几个方面进行论述。采暖供热节能管理的主要内容包括供热方式的选择和采暖供热节能管理的主要措施等几个方面。最后，根据经济政策管理现状，分析了建筑节能产业发展方面存在的经济政策缺陷，并就如何提高建筑能效提出了具体建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Improving the efficiency of civil building energy consumption and researching on building conservation measure have become a hot point and a big trend of energy and environmental protection problem all over the world. It is the foundation stone of national economic development and technique development strategy. Energy efficiency in buildings is also the request of environmental protection and saving energy and the demand of economic information and technique innovation.This thesis is just to put forward under this kind of background .According to conservation measure analysis about domestic and international building, I study out a new technique for building conservation of northeast region and the new laws and expand to building conservation in market and push forward building conservation development.Energy and environmental protection problem is premise of building conservation. Developing the national economy and improving living level is based on energy. Since reformation and open, with national economic development and people living level continuously increasing, our country has already become a country where energy is produced and consumed gradually. But energy resources are lack, petroleum is missing, the average energy resources reserves for per person can be excavated is under the average level of world. The pollution of the environment is serious, and the problem that energy utilizing efficiency is low will exist over a long period of time. The large quantity of harmful air is given out from buildings during using energy, it affects the human body’s health. So energy efficiency in buildings is the inevitable way of national economic development strategy, and it also can push forward building In northeast conservation development.In northeast region, the energy efficiency in building is very low, and to improve the efficiency of civil building energy consumption and advance the energy efficiency in building are very significant. This dissertation studies how to proceed the work of the energy efficiency in target management, economy policy management and government supervision management respectively, which provides theoretic basis to perfect the development programming management system.To northeast region, building conservation is divided into two part: the first, conservation about building structure; the second, conservation about heating system. Key is to find out where heating loss, to increase efficiency of heating system and to reduce heating loss within supplying process, to make use of nature energy so as to reduce the other energy. Energy saving management in building structure was discussed in the following aspect: the factors which affect the energy consumption of the building and the main measures to save the energy in the buildings. Energy saving management in heating is composed of two parts. One is selecting the heating mode, and the other is the main measure of energy saving management in heating. In the last analysis, the dissertation analyzes the defects of economy policy for industry of energy efficiency in building, gives some methods and suggestion to solve the question finally.更多还原