【作者】 白国平；

【导师】 薛吉全；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 种植， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 玉米是山西省重要的饲料、工业原料和粮食作物,是粮食作物中单产最高、增长最快的作物。具有产量高、增产潜力大、适应性强、营养丰富、用途广泛等特点。随着我国畜牧业持续稳定增长,饲料需求量不断增加,以玉米为原料的加工业的发展,也带动了玉米需求量的增加。本研究根据这一需求,开展相关研究,对促进山西省玉米生产的发展、保障我国粮食安全和增加农民收入具有重要意义。研究结果表明:1.玉米是饲料的主要原料,养殖业是消化玉米的主渠道,玉米生产对促进山西省畜牧业发展、稳定粮食生产、增加农民收入发挥重要作用,具有举足轻重的地位。2.山西是全国玉米适宜生长区,发展玉米生产具有明显的区域优势,山西省玉米生产可划分为春播特早熟区、春播早熟区、春播中晚熟区、夏播中早熟区四大种植区。3.山西种植玉米历史较长,其种植面积、总产、单产均居首位,目前已成为山西省第一大粮食作物,在粮食生产中的地位越来越重要,玉米生产水平均衡稳定提高。当前畜牧业和加工业发展迅速,对玉米需求量日益增大,玉米已成为对山西省粮食总产贡献最大的作物。当前玉米生产主要受土地和水资源等自然因素、价格和农民种植积极性等社会因素以及品种和生产技术等技术因素所影响。4.把玉米生产重要性提高到关系我国粮食安全和增加农民收入上来认识,依靠科技进步,挖掘玉米增产潜力,提高玉米单产水平,大力发展配合饲料工业,稳步发展现代玉米工业,始终把高产稳产多抗广适玉米品种作为推广的首选目标,适当发展专用玉米,组织实施高产竞赛,提高科学技术的贡献率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Maize is an important feed, raw material for industry and grain crop in Shanxi Province. It is a crop with the highest unit yield and its yield increases more rapidly than other grain crops. It is characterized as high yield, wide adaptability, rich nutrition and multiple uses. With stable and sustainable development of livestock industry in our country, the requirement on feed is increasing. The development of processing industry based on maize materials also promotes the demand on maize. In this case, research has been made. It has great importance for promoting maize production, safeguarding food safety and increasing the farmers’income in Shanxi province. The results are as follows:1. Maize is the main raw material for animal feed. Livestock raising is the main channel for maize consumption. Maize production in Shanxi province plays an important role in promoting livestock development, stablizing grain production and increasing farmers’income.2. Shanxi is an area suitable for maize growing, possessing obvious advantages in district, scientific research, extension and policy. Maize production is divided into 4 regions in Shanxi province, such as super early, early, late mature area for spring sowing and medium and early mature area for summer sowing.3. Shanxi has a long history of maize planting. At present, maize is the first dominant grain crop in the province. Compared with other crops, its planting area, total yield and unit yield take the first placer. Maize is taking important position in grain production and its production is increasing steadily. Rapid development of livestock and processing industry result in great demand on maize. Maize is the first crop that makes the greatest contribution to the total grain yield in Shanxi province. At present, maize production is mainly influenced by natural factors such as land and water resources, social factors such as the sales price and the farmers’enthusiasm and technical factors such as variety and production technology.4. Maize production is closely related to food safety and farmers’income in Shanxi province. It is suggested that we should take the advantage of scientific advancement to explore maize yield potential, increase unit yield, so as to development compound feed industry and modern maize industry. It is necessary to make high-yielding hybrids as the first target in cultivar extension, plant special maize cultivars in appropriate scale, organize competition for high yielding and improve the contribution of new technology.更多还原