【作者】 徐侨荣；

【导师】 宋开臣；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 一体化、小型化的星光／惯性组合导航系统是导航研究领域中一个重要的发展方向，也是目前我国导航应用方面所急需解决的难题。星图处理和导航系统的硬件设计均为星光／惯性组合导航系统的核心技术，因此开展该两项技术的研究具有极高的工程应用价值。本文的主要工作包括星图处理算法的初步研究及一体化组合导航的电路设计。星图处理算法的初步研究主要包括对星图处理各组成部分的分析、算法开发及仿真试验；一体化组合导航的电路设计主要包括一体化组合导航的电路板设计及板上通信管理系统设计。论文主要分为两个部分，第一部分：星图处理算法的初步研究，包括第二、三章；第二部分：一体化组合导航的电路设计，包括第四、五章。其各章内容安排如下：第一章：简述了星光导航的工作原理、现状及发展趋势，提出本课题的研究内容及其研究意义，并简要介绍了本文的创新点。第二章：分析了CCD相机的噪声特性，阐述了星图维纳滤波处理的原理和效果，并系统地介绍了本课题所开发的星图分割算法及基于匹配查询和单点相关运算的伪星识别算法的组成、工作原理、算法实现及仿真试验。第三章：详细介绍了本课题所开发的查表高斯拟合亚象元细分定位算法及基于多维三角形向量的双次检测识别算法的组成、算法的实现及仿真试验。第四章：系统地介绍了一体化组合导航电路板的各组成部分的设计，包括一体化组合导航电路板的总体架构设计、供电电源设计、电路板的层次结构设计、信号完整性仿真及电路板的设计结果。第五章：详细介绍了一体化组合导航的板上通信管理系统的设计及FPGA实现，主要包括整个通信管理系统的总体架构设计、系统的各外部通信管理单元设计、板间SPI通信管理模块设计、总控制单元的设计及系统的综合实现。第六章：总结和展望。本文的创新之处在于：提出了查询匹配结合单点相关运算的伪星识别算法，并利用星图的一维数组转换算法简化了对恒星星点的相对位置的描述；提出了高精度、快速定位的查表高斯拟合算法。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is an important trend to develop integrative and miniaturized Star Light /Inertia Combinative Navigation System in the area of Star Light Navigation which is also the difficult problem in the application area of our nation’s navigation. For the star image processing and the design of navigation’s hardware are both the key technology of Star Light /Inertia Combinative Navigation System, so it is of high engineering value to do research on them.The paper’s work mainly contains the pilot study on star image processing and the design of the integrative combinative navigation’s circuit. The former part, including the analysis, development and simulation of each arithmetic which composes of star image process, will be introduced in the chapter 2 and chapter 3;the latter part, including the design of PCBs and the communication management system, will be described in the chapter 4 and chapter 5 .The paragraphs of this paper are organized as follows:Chapter 1: The principle, current status and trend of Star Light Navigation were briefly described, and the content, meaning as well as the innovations of the work was presented.Chapter 2: The noise characteristic of the CCD camera was analyzed, and the principle and the effect of the wiener filter were clarified. Meanwhile, the composing, principle, arithmetic realization and simulation of the star image division arithmetic and the fake star identification arithmetic were described in detail.Chapter 3: The composing, arithmetic realization and simulation of the table-inquiry Gauss fitting subpixel location and the double time verify identification arithmetic based on multiple dimension triangle vector were presented in detail.Chapter 4: The components’ design of the integrative Combinative Navigation circuit board were described systematically, including the entire framework of integrative circuit board, power supplying subsystem , the structure’s hierarchy of the PCBs, the simulation of signal integrality and the design result of the PCBs.Chapter 5: The design of communication management system and the FPGA realization were given in detail which contains the design of the entire framework, the outer communication management unit, the SPI communication management module between PCBs, the general control unit and the realization of the whole system.Chapter 6: Summary and expectations for the research in the paperInnovations of this paper lie in: putting forward a new fake star identification arithmetic which combines inquiry matching with the correlation computing of single point and using the conversion arithmetic of star image’s one dimension array to simplify the description of star’s relative location; creating a named inquiry-table Gauss fitting arithmetic which is of high precision and can be rapidly located.更多还原