【作者】 贺大伟；

【导师】 王正；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 动力机械及工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 油浆蒸汽发生器是石化企业的重要设备之一，其主要功能是使用低温介质水降低高温油浆的温度。对油浆蒸汽发生器进行温度场和应力场的耦合分析，有助于改善换热器的结构和操作工艺；调查换热器的密封情况，对节约材料和能源、实现安全连续生产具有重要作用。油浆蒸汽发生器属于管板式换热器，结构复杂，几何尺寸庞大，如果采用实体单元建模，得到的有限元模型和求解矩阵规模非常大，几乎不能应用于PC机上。本文对油浆蒸汽发生器的管板换热管和法兰—垫片—螺栓分别进行了热应力耦合场分析计算，并对换热器密封性能进行研究。具体而言，应用通用商业有限元软件ANSYS，灵活应用ANSYS提供的各种结构单元和热单元进行建模，在保证计算精度的基础上，减小了计算规模。采用SOLID70热分析单元，对热影响区内的管板、换热管进行对流换热条件下的稳态温度场分析，应力场采用SOLID45实体单元，施加压力载荷，同时加载温度场的计算结果作为载荷得到管板换热管的应力场分析计算结果；采用SOLID70热分析单元，对法兰—垫片—螺栓进行对流换热条件下的稳态温度场分析，应力场采用SOLID45实体单元，同时引入接触目标面分析单元TARGE170，接触接触面分析单元CONTA174和预紧力单元PREST179，施加预紧力、压力载荷和温度场计算结果，计算得到法兰—垫片—螺栓的应力场分析计算结果。最后对法兰密封性能进行研究，提出螺栓拆卸困难的解决方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Oil slurry heat exchanger is one of the most important equipments in chemical industry. Its function is to lower the temperature of oil slurry by using cooling water. It is necessary and significant for the economic and security to analysis both temperature field and stress field of the oil slurry heat exchanger. It is also very important to analysis for sealed used in oil slurry heat exchanger, for the sake of saving materials and energy.Oil slurry heat exchanger belongs to tube-sheet heat exchanger. Due to its complex structure and large geometry size, it is too complicated to calculate on PC by using the finite elements of the whole equipment model. So tubesheet-pipes’ temperature stress field and flange-gasket-bolts’ temperature stress field are respectively analyzed, and seal function of the exchanger is also researched.Specifically speaking, use suitable stress analysis elements and thermal analysis elements applied by the ANSYS software to establish the suitable FEA model for calculating on PC. Use thermal analysis element SOLID 70, load convection heat transfer coefficient, calculate and obtain the temperature field of tubesheet-pipes of oil slurry heat exchanger, then use stress analysis element SOLID 45, bring pressure and temperature results to bear on areas of tubesheet and pipes, calculate and obtain the stress field of tubesheet-pipes of oil slurry heat exchanger; Use thermal analysis element SOLID 70, load convection heat transfer coefficient, calculate and obtain the temperature field of flange-gasket-bolts of oil slurry heat exchanger, then use stress analysis element SOLID 45, contact analysis element TARGE 170 CONTA174 and pre-tightened element PRETS179, bring pressure and temperature results to bear on areas of flange-gasket-bolts, calculate and obtain the stress field of flange-gasket-bolts of oil slurry heat exchanger. Lastly the seal function of the exchanger will be researched.更多还原