【作者】 李旭；

【导师】 郭东明；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 某种薄壁回转体零件是高速飞行器的关键部件，其制造精度是影响高速飞行器性能的直接因素。对薄壁回转体的外廓形、壁厚等几何参数进行精密测量是检验其制造精度的有效手段。此类三维复杂曲面的薄壁回转体零件，深径比大，对几何参数的测量精度要求高(微米级)，现有的测量设备和测量技术在精度和效率上都无法满足高性能薄壁回转体零件的研制需求，因此本课题组研发了高精度、高效率的薄壁回转体几何尺寸检测设备。本文就该设备检测数据可视化的数学基础、方法与技术、软件编程实现等方面展开研究。针对薄壁回转体几何形状特点以及几何尺寸测量精度要求，阐述了薄壁回转体外廓形和几何厚度测量原理，以及“一次装夹、两种测量、三轴联动”的总体设计方案。分析总结了数据可视化的曲线、曲面重构技术数学基础。对本论文研究的测量数据可视化技术将要运用的NURBS曲面重构、三次样条拟合和插值算法等数学方法，进行了详尽的表述和分析，为实现薄壁回转体测量数据的可视化作了重要铺垫。提出了一种薄壁回转体外廓型面数据可视化描述的NURBS曲面反求算法。根据该检测设备测得的外廓形数据，利用曲面型值点反求NURBS曲面控制点算法，并对节点矢量计算及边界条件构造进行了初步研究，给出了此种薄壁回转体外廓型面NURBS表达方法。研究了基于三次样条曲线拟合及插值算法的壁厚测量数据可视化技术。针对壁厚区域检测方式得到的数据，利用三次样条拟合测量母线，并采用插值算法计算测量区域网格点坐标、壁厚等数据，构建壁厚测量区域曲面。开发了测量数据可视化软件系统。基于VC++6.0开发平台，利用OpenGL编程技术，实现了测量数据预处理、薄壁回转体外廓型面可视化、壁厚误差三维云图和二维截面云图可视化。配置本测量数据可视化系统的薄壁回转体几何尺寸检测设备已经交付某单位应用，解决了此类薄壁回转体几何参数精密测量的难题。应用结果表明，本测量数据可视化软件系统显示效果逼真，人机界面友好，输出数据准确，运行稳定。更多还原

【Abstract】 A kind of thin wall revolving body is a key part in a high speed aircraft. Its machining precision could directly affect the stability of high speed aircrafts in flight. Measuring geometry parameters such as profile and thickness precisely is a effective instrument to test the machining precision of the thin wall revolving body. The thin wall revolving body is a kind of thin-wall part with complex three-dimension surface and large ratio of depth and radius. But the demand of measuring precise for the geometry parameters is very strict (0.001mm level). Researches on the high performance thin wall revolving body could not be addressed by existing measuring equipments and techniques in accuracy and efficiency. So our research team developed a high precision and high efficiency thin wall revolving body geometry dimension measuring facility. Math base, software programs and technology to visualize the data got by the facility are all researched in this paper.Considering the geometry characters of the thin wall revolving body and measuring precision demand on profile and thickness, measuring principle and the total design scheme that installing once, measuring twice and three axis linkage are introduced.Mathematic algorithms that visualize data into curves and surfaces are summed up and analyzed. Mathematics that will be used in data visualization such as NURBS surface re-construction, cubic spline fitting and interpolation arithmetic are expressed and analyzed in details. All prepares for the visualization of the thin wall revolving body’s measuring data.NURBS surface re-construction algorithm which is used to visualize profiles is put forward. According to the profile data measured by this facility, NURBS surface re-construction algorithm is used. And vector calculations of reference points and the constructions of boundary conditions are primarily researched in this paper. The NURBS algorithm which express the profile of thin wall revolving body is also givenThe thickness data visualization technology which is basing on curve fitting of cubic spline and interpolation algorithm is researched. For the data got by regional measuring mode in thickness measure, cubic spline is used to measure generatrix. And not only is interpolation algorithm used to compute thickness data and the coordinates of reseau points in measuring region but also to construct the surface of thickness measuring region.Measuring data visualization software system is developed. Data pretreatment, the profile visualization of the thin wall revolving body, three-dimension error nephogram of thickness and two-dimension section nephogram are all realized basing on the visual technology of OpenGL on VC++ 6.0 development platform.The thin wall revolving body geometry dimension measuring facility which installs this data visualization system has been delivered to some war industry department. The difficult problem of thin wall revolving body geometry precise measurement is solved very well. Application result indicates that this data visualization software could display vividly besides its friendly human-machine interface, accurate output and stability.更多还原