【作者】 陈玉敏；

【导师】 王建国；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 测试计量技术与仪器， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 市面上的充电器主要是小功率、恒流或恒压充电器，但随着大功率充电器件(比如电动车)的出现，人们对大功率充电器的需求越来越多，同时对充电器的性能要求也越来越高。因此，本文详细讨论了一种大功率快速智能充电器的设计方案，充电对象是24V铅酸蓄电池，容量为100AH。主要工作有：硬件电路设计。硬件电路设计包括主回路设计、充电控制回路设计以及DSP_MCU_LCD接口电路设计。主电电路的设计包括市电初级整流部分、DC_DC变换电路、整流输出滤波电路和蓄电池放电回路四个部分。其中，市电初级整流部分利用单相全桥不可控整流滤波电路将交流电转换为直流电，作为DC_DC变换电路的输入：DC_DC变换电路的主要作用是为了调频，使交流环节工作在较高的频率下，这样有效地减小了变压器的体积和重量。这部分电路是由移相全桥电压开关PWM电路实现的，通过谐振电感和整流输出滤波电路的电感实现开关管的零电压开关，通过谐振电路有效的减小了开关管损耗和开关管噪声。充电控制回路设计，这一部分主要包括了电量信号采集电路、MOS管驱动电路以及基于DSP的双环控制算法的设计。主要讨论了DSP如何通过检测到的电压和电流通过双环比列控制器实现限压分段定周期定电流脉冲充电。显示和报警部分的设计主要是为了向用户显示充电的状态以及防止意外情况的发生。系统仿真部分，通过对主电路和数字控制器建立数学模型，由MATALAB完成数字控制器参数的调整。结果表明，该系统负载范围比较大，双闭环系统在高频段衰减的比较快，降低了噪声的干扰。软件实现。软件设计主要包括基于限压分段定周期定电流脉冲充电方案的主程序的实现、PWM移相脉冲的实现、充放电脉冲的实现以及LCD显示程序的实现。在这些程序共同作用下实现了蓄电池在充电过程中不同充电电流阶段转换，进而达到快速充电的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the requirement of high-power electrification apparatus(electric bicycle et al) increasing, the high-power charger is more and more important. But most of the chargers in the market are low-power, the way how to design a simple, convenient and efficient high-power charger is a research focus in the society. In this paper, we discuss how to design a intellective and speed high-power charger, it is suit for storage battery which is 24V and 100AH. The main work of this thesis is as follows:The hardware circuit design. The hardware circuit design mainly include the main circuit, the control loop circuit and the rechargeable DSP_MCU_LCD interface circuit. The design of the main circuit includes four parts. Such as the initial rectifier part of the city power, the DC DC transforming circuit, rectifier output filter circuit and the battery discharge circuit .Among them, the part of the initial rectifier circuit of the city power uses the single-phase full-bridge rectifier uncontrollable filter circuit to converse AC to DC what is used to the input of the DC_DC transform circuit, the primary role of the DC_DC transform circuit is taken as the Frequency Modulation. to make the exchange links working at a higher frequency. And through this, it can reduce the volume and weight of the transformer .This part of circuit is carried out by the Phase shifters zero-voltage switching full-bridge PWM circuit, and through the resonant inductor and the rectifier output filter circuit inductance to achieve zero voltage switching. Then designing charge control circuit includes the electricity circuit Signal Acquisition circle, the MOS driving circuit and the design of DSP-based dual-loop control algorithm. This article mainly discussed the question that how to achieve limit voltage subsection definite period and definite current pulse charging, through detecting the voltage and current, the design of the displaying and alarm circuit, can show the state of charge and prevent the occurrence of accidents. The part of the system simulation mainly establishes getting the mathematics model by main circuit and the digital controller, and adjusting the controller parameter through MATLAB. The result demonstrates that this system has a long range of the load and the double closed-loop system has a quickly attenuation in high frequency, what is more, this system reduces the noise interference.The software design. This part mainly includs the main program based on the limit voltage subsection definite period and definite current pulse charging,the realization of the PWM pulse phase shifter, the Charge-discharge pulse, and LCD display program. Under the common role of these program, the system carries out transformation in different stage of current charge, as a result, realize the quickly charging purpose.更多还原