【作者】 邵媛媛；

【导师】 方加宝；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 工业工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 公共交通是解决当今社会城市交通拥挤、运输紧张的有效手段，公共交通系统的智能化管理技术则是提高公交系统运行效率，为市民营造良好出行环境的有效方式。智能化公共交通系统是现代控制技术、定位技术和无线通信技术等多种技术的有机结合。鉴于国内外智能化公交系统概况及我国车载终端的使用现状，本文充分利用现代电子、计算机、传感测控等方面的技术成果，设计开发了一种新型公交车车载终端系统。公交车车载终端是智能公交调度管理系统的信息来源和信息发布处，是整个系统的基础与核心。本文设计的车载终端是基于AT89S52实现采集车况信息、播报站点、显示服务信息、统计客流量等，并于地面通讯，将相关的数据信息传输到监控中心，解决目前公交系统底层信息采集的瓶颈问题，更好地实现车辆跟踪和调度。本文针对车载终端设计涉及的主要技术问题车辆的定位、系统功能以及系统通讯进行了详细的论述。提出了里程表分段式方法以站间为区域实现车辆的定位，发送到站牌和监控中心的车辆位置信息，便于候车乘客和监控中心更加清楚形象的了解到车辆的行驶位置。通过在车辆及站台上安装无线数传模块，构成通讯网络，采用获取令牌接力方式传递信息的方式，车载终端将采集到的车况信息传送到监控中心，使监控中心进行科学调度。车载终端不仅具有采集车况信号、超限报警等常规功能，而且具有全自动语音报站功能，根据里程信息自动播报相关站名，可以免去司机的手动操作，集中精神驾驶；实时客流检测功能可以统计出车载乘客数，将此信息发送到站牌，可以让等车乘客事先了解车辆的拥挤度，做出是否变更乘车路线的决定；点阵LCD中文显示功能用于显示即将到站的站名，避免未听到语音报站的乘客或残疾人乘客错过下车的时机，显示功能还可以播放有关出行的信息，如天气、转换车等，可以方便乘客出行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Today, public traffic is effective to abate traffic jam and busy transportation in the city. The technology of intelligent management in the public traffic system improves the efficiency and builds a comfortable circumstance for the citizen. Intelligent public traffic system includes the technology about modern control, positioning and wireless communication and so on. Based on study about status quo and development of intelligent public traffic at home and abroad, the newfashioned onboard terminal unit in the bus is designed in the thesis.The onboard terminal unit in the bus is the source and destination of the information flow in intelligent public traffic dispatching system. By using AT89S52 as MCU, the system realizes the functions, such as collecting the state of the driving buses, broadcasting the bus-stop names, displaying service information, registering the number of the passengers and so on. And then the correlative information is transmitted to the control center by communicating with the floor. The whole system can resolve the bottle-neck problem of public traffic system, to realize better the track of vehicle and attempering.Aiming at designing the onboard terminal unit in the bus, the paper discusses and focuses on vehicle positioning, communication system and functions of system. By odometer-distance method the position of buses is confirmed, so waiting passengers and control center know the position of buses clearly. The wireless communication modules installed in the buses and bus-stations compose the net of communication. The bus-stop sends the data by obtaining the token. The control center manages buses scientifically based on the information about the driving buses. Not only the system has functions, such as collecting the information about the driving buses, alarming over the limit. But also the system can broadcast the bus-stop name automatically. The function can make the drivers fix attention on driving buses. Real-time checking the number of passengers and transmitting this information to the bus-stop, the waiting passengers can know the status about the bus in advance so as to decide whether to change another bus. LCD displays the name of the bus-stop the bus is arriving at and the information about the weather, changing the bus and so on. This function of display provide the passengers the convenience.更多还原