【作者】 张志喆；

【导师】 王洪玉；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 移动Ad Hoc网络(MANET)是一种自组织的多跳无线网络，网络中每个节点可以自由移动，通过共享的无线信道进行通信，而无须任何固定设施。各个节点互为中继节点，从而可以与超出自身通信距离以外的节点进行通信。它主要应用在军事通信、抢险救灾和传感器网络等领域，因此引起军事界和学术界的广泛关注。Ad Hoc网络在战场指挥通信等领域有着广泛的应用前景，其中最为典型的例子就是战术互联网(Tactical Internet，TI)。但在目前战术互联网的研究中，无论是分簇还是路由协议等都没有突出战术环境背景和移动特点这些关键因素，把战术互联网等同于普通的Ad Hoc网络。本文在阐述Ad Hoc网络结构的基础上，着重就路由协议和分簇路由算法进行了研究，并在此基础上提出了一种适用于战术网络环境背景特点的分簇算法和改进ZM-AODV分簇路由协议。该算法充分考虑了战术网络群组移动性和节点性能差异等特点，采用分级结构把网络中不同区域的节点划分为不同的簇，选择通信能力强的节点担任簇首，簇内使用及时的HELLO信息担任主动路由，在簇间使用按需的AODV路由。为了验证协议的性能，我们在OPNET仿真平台上对ZM-AODV和AODV协议进行了仿真对比。通过对在不同网络负载和不同节点速度情况下的仿真试验数据分析，ZM-AODV协议均表现出良好的性能。在端到端平均时延和归一化控制开销方面，均优于AODV协议。簇内的HELLO信息缩短了路由建立时间，分簇结构降低了拓扑的变化，减少了拓扑控制开销，这些措施使战术网络的性能得到提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mobile Ad Hoc network (MANET) is a self-organizing and multi-hop network structure, in which nodes share common wireless channel and can move freely without the aid of a fixed networking infrastructure. Each routing terminal acts as a router that forwards data packets to all the other nodes in the network, thereby extending the range and the coverage of communications links among mobile nodes. So it can be applied to modern battle field, disaster rescue, sensor networks and other environments, therefore has drawn wide attention from the military and the academic.Ad Hoc network is used widely for Command and Control in the battlefield, and the representative example of Ad Hoc network is Tactical Internet (TI). However, many research about TI, whatever clustering and routing protocols simulation, regard TI as a normal Ad Hoc network ignoring the effect of battlefield factors and the mode of move factors. The aim of our research is to present a new cluster routing protocol and simulation solution which is fit for the feature of TI. The proposed routing protocol, called ZM-AODV, takes network’s mobility and node’s diversity into account. Hiberarchy is adopted to divide the nodes in different regions into different clusters, the more powerful node is chosen to be the cluster. The nodes in cluster use timely HELLO message to establish route and the communication between clusters use AODV.For the sake of evaluating the performance of protocol, we simulate the ZM-AODV and AODV protocol in different scenes under OPNET platform. Protocol is simulated in different network’s load and node’s speed. The results show that ZM-AODV has a better performance than AODV, especially in End-To-End delay and routing overhead aspects. Due to the HELLO message in cluster can reduce the time of route establishment and the cluster structure can decrease the change of topology, the performance of TI can be improved obviously.更多还原