【作者】 陈宏金；

【导师】 朱艳；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 种植， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 农业信息管理系统是通过对农业生产过程中的各种信息进行采集、加工和处理，为生产、管理和决策提供帮助的信息处理系统。它是农业信息化和现代化的基础性工程。本研究在总结、提炼相关作物生产理论与技术研究成果的基础上，运用系统分析原理和数学建模技术，构建与完善了种植制度、生态区划、精确农作、生产力分析的定量化作物生产管理知识模型，并运用软构件技术，建立了基于GIS的作物生产管理信息系统。系统实现了区域性的农业空间信息查询与分析、作物种植制度设计的数字化、农作生产力分析、精确农作管理等功能，为作物生产空间信息的规范化和数字化管理提供了技术平台。系统以ASP为主要开发语言，基于组件开发环境的独立性和集成开发的便捷性，围绕知识模型与GIS组件进行系统集成，探索了GIS和模型的耦合技术。针对农业信息具有时空性和动态性的特点，将GIS技术应用于作物生产信息管理，建立了属性数据库和空间数据库，并使属性数据库和空间数据库相互关联；将作物管理知识模型应用于农业信息管理系统，研制开发了基于GIS和模型的作物生产管理信息系统。系统实现了基本地图操作、信息查询与分析、种植设计、生产力分析、精确管理、系统维护以及系统帮助等主要功能。在综合考虑土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、pH、阳离子交换量等指标的基础上，采用层次分析法确定土壤肥力评价因子的权重，并对评价指标建立相应的隶属函数，通过计算其隶属度，从而求得每个评价单元的土壤肥力综合指标值，并依据综合值确定土壤肥力等级，构建了农田土壤综合肥力评价模型。系统在浙江省的测试检验结果表明，系统的设计思想和结构框架符合现代农业管理信息系统的发展要求，实现了浙江省农业空间信息的规范化和数字化管理。系统操作简单，结果显示直观，具有较高的信息管理效率，同时系统在基于空间信息的农业生产布局与管理决策方面表现出了较好的适应性和指导性。更多还原

【Abstract】 By collecting and analyzing information of agriculture farming, the agricultural information management system can provide decision support on production management, and which is the basic job of agricultural informationlization and modernization. Based on the summarization and extraction of regional agriculture cropping evaluation theory and technology achievements, a set of dynamic knowledge models which can be used for cropping system design, cropping ecological distribution, evaluation of soil fertility, precision management, and estimation of cropping productivity were developed with system analysis theory and modeling method. By using the technology of software component, with GIS as spatial information management platform, a GIS and mode-based system for crop production management was developed. The system realized the functions of cropping information query and analysis, cropping system design, crop productivity evaluation and precision farming, and lays a foundation for facilitating the quantification and digitization of crop production management.Based on the component characteristics as independency of development environment and convenience of integration, the system was developed with ASP programming language. Considering the temporal, spatial and dynamic characters of agriculture information, and applying GIS to crop production management, a double database structure with attribute and spatial database structure was constructed. Furthermore, by applying agriculture management knowledge model to agriculture information management system, a GIS-based crop production management system was developed. The system realized the functions as basic map handling, agriculture spatial information query and analysis, cropping system design, ecological distribution of farm products, cropping productivity evaluation, precision farming management, system maintenance and help.Based on comprehensive consideration of soil properties such as organic matter content, total nitrogen content, available nitrogen content, total phosphorus content, available phosphorus content, available potassium content, pH and CEC, AHP was applied to calculate the weights of the soil fertilization evaluation factors, and then the subjection function was developed to calculate the subjection degrees of evaluation factors, and finally the integrated index value of each evaluation unit was calculated. Soil fertility grades were determined according to the integrated index value. This model for soil fertilization evaluation lays a foundation for precision management.Case studies on the system with the datasets in Zhejiang province indicated that the design idea and structure framework of system accorded with the development demand of modern agricultural information management system, and realized standard and digital management of agriculture spatial information. Users can simply operate the system without requirement of the GIS platform. The system exhibited higher information management efficiency and query speed, as well as good applicability and guidance on ecological layout and decision support for agricultural farming.更多还原