阀控式密封铅酸电池脉冲充电机理及其实现的研究

【作者】 陈建；

【导师】 钱照明；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 电力电子与电力传动， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 本文综述了阀控式密封铅酸(VRLA)电池的发展历史、充电模式的现状及其引起的失效模式，在研究了VRLA电池的充电特点和脉冲充电的机理和优势的基础上提出了脉冲充电技术．运用开关电源技术和单片机控制等技术设计和制作了智能脉冲充电器，实现了正负交替的脉冲充电，所得的脉冲充电波形满足了要求．通过程序实现了对脉冲充电参数的可调设置，满足了脉冲充电的参数探索的要求。在部分荷电状态(PSOC)下采用不同的充电模式，对电动车(EV)电池进行了100％放电深度(DOD)的对比试验，对混和电动车(HEV)电池在高倍率部分荷电状态(HRPSOC)下的循环进行了实验。发现在脉冲充电模式下的循环寿命具有明显优势。对上述实验中失效的电池进行了脉冲充电容量恢复实验。发现脉冲充电具有很好的容量恢复作用。对所得的结果运用正负极电位、SEM、XRD等物理测试手段进行了分析。研究表明，脉冲充电提高了活性物质与界面的电导及机械强度，抑制形成和激活非活性的硫酸铅，从而有效地提高了电池的循环寿命。本文对不同的脉冲充电参数进行了实验和研究，提出适应不同电池和不同领域中VRLA电池的脉冲充电方法和参数，找到了一条在实际应用中避免或缓解电池失效的有效途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 The development history and the present status of charging algorithms and the failure modes caused by it for valve-regulated lead-acid （VRLA） batteries are reviewed in this paper.Based on the studies on the charge features and the pulse charging principle of VRLA batteries a novel pulse charging technique is presented in this paper.A novel intelligence charging device is designed and made using technique of on-off power source and micro-control, which can generate positive/negative pulse charging and the result of pulse charging curver verify the proposed scheme. The parameters of pulse charging can be seted using program and meet the experimental require of researching pulse charging’s the parameters.Under the partial state of charge （PSOC）, the 100% Deepth of Discharge （DOD） experiments for the EV battery were made by using different charging algorithms.Under the high rate partial state of charge （HRPSOC） , the re-cycle experiments for the HEV battery were made. Also the recover experiments for the failed battery on the above experiments were made by using pulse charging algorithms. The experiments indicate that pulse-charge algorithm can make battery a good cycle life and pulse- charge has a good recovery effect on failed EV battery and failed HEV battery. The experimental results from different algorithms were analyzed by the positive and negative voltage testing method, SEM,XRD measurements etc. This research works show that the electric conductivity and the mechanical strength of both the active material and the interface are much improved, and the generation of the non-active Pbso₄ can be effectivily suppressed and its reactivation is effectively improved so that the re-cycle life of VRLA battery is greatly improved by using this method.The experiments and research of different pulse charging parameters were made in this paper. The pulse charging algorithms and its parameters that adapt different VRLA battery in different fields is presented. One good way that slove or slow battery’s fail in the fact use was found.更多还原