【作者】 吴英；

【导师】 张世红；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 热能工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 能源和环境问题对高效、低污染清洁煤燃烧技术的发展提出了迫切的要求。先进的整体煤气化联合循环(IGCC)发电、增压流化床联合循环(PFBC-CC)发电由于在发电效率、环境保护等方面具有强大的吸引力,而被国内外视为二十一世纪最有发展前途的洁净煤发电技术。IGCC、PFBC-CC能源转换系统都需要一套运行可靠、维护简单的高温煤气净化装置,能够从高温、高压的煤气中有效清除细微颗粒和气态污染物。本文在一带有内置过滤元件流化床冷态实验台上,对圆锥型过滤元件流化床颗粒层过滤器的流化特性、阻力特性和过滤性能进行了研究,并对过滤器进行了结构优化研究,为其进一步开发及工业应用奠定理论基础。从当前我国的能源和环境形势以及洁净煤技术的发展现状出发,分析了燃煤联合循环对煤气净化的要求,介绍了陶瓷过滤器和颗粒过滤器的研究发展现状。详细介绍了在原台架上进行的圆锥型过滤元件上滤饼厚度均匀性的实验研究。研究了改造后的圆锥型过滤元件流化床的流化特性,在试验的基础上,归纳得到了带内置过滤元件流化床最小流化速度的经验表达式。对改造后过滤器的阻力特性进行了研究,重点研究了圆锥型过滤元件的阻力特性,建立了圆锥型多孔介质阻力模型和理想状况下滤饼阻力模型。分析了过滤器的过滤机理,并对滤饼表面颗粒进行受力分析,建立了滤饼保持模型,得出了过滤器不需间歇反吹清灰的主要原因是颗粒间的碰撞。更多还原

【Abstract】 The problems of energy and environment have brought forward imperative desire for clean coal technologies with high efficiency and low pollution emission. Advanced Clean Coal Technologies such as Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) and Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion (PFBC) are expected to be a primary choice for the electrical power generation industry over the next decade because of the generation efficiency and environment protection attraction. The advanced coal-fired power conversion systems(IGCC、PFBC) require reliable and efficient gas-stream-cleanup devices that can remove fine particulate and gaseous pollutants from high temperature and high pressure gas streams.A series of research have been made on a Fluidized Bed with particle layer filter,fluidizing feature、system resistance feature and filtration had been analyzed and discussed on this paper. The structure optimal research on the filter system had also been done,which lay a solid foundation for its investigation and further commercial application. This thesis give a development status quo of the energy、environment and the clean coal technologies,analyze the requirements for pollutants clean-up in the coal-fired power conversion systems, introduce the developing ceramic and granular filters.The experiments about uniformity of granular cake on lab-scale are introduced in detail. The fluidizing feature of fluidized-bed with conical filtration units is researched on the rebuilt test-bed. An empirical expression of minimum fluidizing velocity is obtained on the basis of experiments.Pressure feature of the rebuilt filtration device is researched through experiments. Setting up a pressure drop model for conical porous filtration medium and a pressure drop model on the ideally conditions.The filtration characteristics of this filter are researched. By analyzing the types of forces acting on a sphere particle in contact with the cake, a cake maintenance model is constituted. The collision force acted by other particles is the sake of that the periodical cleaning by a backpulse of compressed gas is no longer needed for this filtration device.更多还原