【作者】 秦小飞；

【导师】 李宝仁； 余祖耀；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 随着液压技术的发展,作为一种自动控制手段,在众多的工业领域中液压技术已经成功地获得了广泛应用。阀类元件也随着液压技术的发展而日趋完备,针对一些具体的工作要求,具有新型材料、结构及功能的阀类元件得到研究与应用。本文介绍的全塑料注水阀即是为铅酸蓄电池充液的特殊工作需要而研制的,是一种响应灵敏、控制精度高及性能稳定、可靠的自动控制元件。本文通过认真分析研究国内外塑料阀类元件及注水系统的发展现状,提出了研制的技术关键,然后在此基础上研究设计了全塑料注水阀。由于本阀特殊的工况,即强酸性且温度较高的工作环境,因此采用了耐酸、耐高温的塑料作为阀的材料。且要求注水阀在充液达到一定量的情况下,实现自动关闭以停止充液。本阀采用杠杆作用的原理,利用液体对注水阀浮筒产生的浮力,通过杠杆推动阀芯使阀口关闭,实现了自动控制的功能。运用CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)软件FLUENT对全塑料注水阀阀口进行3D数值仿真研究,描绘了注水阀工作过程中,液体在阀腔内的压力场和速度场的分布情况。并由仿真结果计算作用在阀芯上平衡力及液动力,分析比较了两种不同的阀口结构形式,为合理设计注水阀结构提供了依据。在全塑料注水阀结构设计的基础上,本文依据阀口流量方程和阀芯动力学平衡方程,建立了注水阀的静、动态数学模型,并运用数字仿真技术对该阀的特性进行了仿真分析,从理论上分析了各种结构参数对阀的静、动态特性的影响,为注水阀的参数设计提供了依据。最后,研制出四个注水阀样机,并建立了注水实验平台,测试了单个注水阀的注水性能,并用四个注水阀样机组成了注水系统,进行了注水实验研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of hydraulic technology, hydraulics has been applied widely in many industry fields as an automatic control means. The various valves are also studied with the development of hydraulics. In order to satisfy some special industry requirements, the new types of valves are studied and applied with new material, new structures and new functions. The watering valve presented in this paper is researched for the water supplement of lead-acid batteries. The valve is one kind of autocontrol components, which has sensitive response, accurate control and steady function.Domestic and foreign research of plastic valves and watering system are generalized, and the difficulties to develop the valve and watering system are discussed. The watering valve is designed based on it. Because of acidity and high temperature work condition, the watering valve is made of acid-resistant and high temperature resistant material. The valve should stop watering automatically when the water supplement is enough. The upward force which the liquid acts on the pontoon, pushes down the valve core until the orifice is closed by the lever which connects the pontoon and valve core.Through numerical 3D simulation research for all plastic watering valve with CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) software FLUENT, the pressure field and velocity field of the flow inside the valve were mastered while the valve was working. Figured out the value of counterbalance and hydrodynamic force acting on the valve core according to the result of simulation research, and the two different structure formations were analyzed and compared, sequentially supplied the basis for the suitable design of the valve structure.The mathematical model describing the characteristics of the valve is established based on Orifice Flow Equation and Poppet Balance Equation. Computer numerical simulation is introduced to analyze the characteristics of the valve, and the structure parameters influencing the characteristics of the valve are discussed. The investigation provides the support for parameter design of the valve.Finally, four samples of watering valves are manufactured, and a watering test system is established and the watering function of each single watering valve is tested. A watering system is built with the four watering valves designed, it’s function is tested with the same experiment system.更多还原