【作者】 王琛；

【导师】 徐得潜；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 市政工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 设计秒流量的计算是建筑给水排水设计中最重要的课题之一，是设计中最频繁的工作，如何使设计秒流量的计算更符合实际情祝是一个值得探讨的问题。本文对现阶段规范中我国建筑给水系统、排水系统和管道饮用净水系统的设计秒流量计算方法以及欧美等发达国家设计秒流量概率计算方法的理论和法进行了分析和比较。认为平方根法没有考虑卫生器具放水使用概率等诸多因素对设计秒流量的影响。由实际情况可知，在卫生器具数量和种类一定的生活用水系统中，人们何时使用以及使用何种卫生器具是一个随机事件，并且各种卫生器具的作用是独立的，使用中不存在相互联系，因此，设计秒流量的计算应属于概率问题，以概率论为基础计算秒流量在理论更加科学和先进，比经验法和平方根法更接近于客观实际。对于给水设计秒流量，本文通过对规范公式的分析，在重新定义了给水卫生器具使用概率的基础上，用正态分布近似二项分布并利用大数定律和随机变量的函数关系，导出了概率法的具体计算方法。并以各类住宅为例，分别比较了各种给水设计秒流量计算方法的规律。对于排水设计秒流量，在与给水系统规律一致的原则下，通过重新定义了排水卫生器具使用概率，导出了概率法的具体计算方法。以各类型住宅为例，比较了本文排水方法、规范排水方法和本文给水方法的规律。对于管道直饮水设计秒流量。在对规范公式分析的基础上，用正态分布近似二项分布简化规范算法，并推导出了综合用水单位直饮水设计秒流量公式。同时以住宅小区为例，用泊松分布近似二项分布的公式与其进行比较分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 The determination of water design second flow is one of the most important subject in building water supply and drainage system, and it is the most frequent question in designing them. How to make the design flow accord with actual situation needs inquiring into.The design water flow formulas for drainage system, water supply system, and piped drinking water system in the Code for design of building water supply and drainage were studied in the paper. It studied the design water flow formulas in developed countries in Europe and the USA, and compared it with that of Chinese, which shows that the Cholesky formula can not properly illustrate all factors affect the calculation of the flux, such as use probability. It is known to all that when and how many which water appliances were in use is a random event, they work independently and there’s no relationship between them. So the calculation of Design second Flow belongs to probability theory, and the formulas of Design second Flow with probability theory were more scientific and advanced, and they were accord with actual situation.Design water flow formula for water supply system in the Code was studied and use probability of the plumbing fixture was redefined in the thesis. At the mean time, with Normal Distribution approximately cover of Binomial Distribution and by the use of law of large numbers and a function of random variables, design flow formulas were set up. The thesis compared the law of various design flow formulas, with the example of various kinds of housing residences.According to the change rule of the design flow in drainage system must consistent with that of water supply system, the use probability of the plumbing fixture was redefined, and new design flow formulas were set up. The thesis compared the law of various design flow formulas, various kind of housing residences as example.Based on derivation and interpretation of the design water flow formula for potable water system in the Code, a simplified design water flow formula was set up by the use of Normal Distribution and Poisson distribution approximately cover of Binomial Distribution. Design water flow formula for comprehensive portable water units was given in the thesis. And examples were given to support the theory.更多还原