【作者】 张大鹏；

【导师】 张卫新；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 化学工艺， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文利用化学液相法分别制备了纳米结构氧化亚铜和硫化铜，并研究了它们的相关性能。在蔗糖溶液中，利用抗坏血酸还原CuSO₄溶液，制得了粒径较均匀的Cu₂O纳米球。通过调节蔗糖浓度，纳米球直径可以在90-280nm范围内实现调控。并以抗坏血酸为还原剂，柠檬酸钠为配位剂，制得了平均边长为450nm的Cu₂O纳米方块。又以葡萄糖为还原剂，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）为表面活性剂，制得了边长为0.5-1.5μm的Cu₂O亚微米八面体。在此基础上，利用柯肯达尔（Kirkendall）效应，将Na₂S溶液分别与Cu₂O纳米球和纳米方块反应，制得了Cu_7.2S₄纳米空心球和纳米盒子。研究表明，这两种空心产物分别经由Cu₂O/Cu_7.2S₄核/壳型纳米结构转化而来。通过柠檬酸钠的后处理，Cu_7.2S₄纳米空心球和纳米盒子可转化为CuS纳米空心球和纳米盒子。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）和场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）等测试手段对产物进行了结构表征，对反应条件和反应机理进行了探讨。在Cu_7.2S₄纳米空心球对亚甲基蓝的吸附行为研究工作中，分别测定了温度20℃、35℃、50℃实验条件下的吸附等温线。数据分析表明，Freundlich和Langmuir两种等温式均能较好地定量模拟描述该吸附行为。吸附热力学研究表明，Cu_7.2S₄对亚甲基蓝的吸附是自发的吸热吸附，是熵增的过程。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nanostructured cuprous oxide and copper sulfides powders have been prepared via a wet chemical route. Firstly, uniform Cu₂O nanospheres have been synthesized by reducing CuSO₄ with ascorbic acid in the sucrose solution, and the diameters of these nanospheres can be controlled in the range of 90-280 nm by changing the concentration of sucrose solution. Meanwhile, Cu₂O nanocubes （450 nm in edge length） are prepared with the coordination agent citrate. Cu₂O submicro-sized octahedron crystals （0.5-1.5μm in edge length） are prepared with the reducing agent glucose and the surfactant polyvinyl pyrrolidone. Secondly, Cu_7.2S₄ hollow nanospheres and nanoboxes are prepared from the reaction of the as-prepared Cu₂O nanospheres and nanocubes with Na₂S aqueous solution based on the Kirkendall effect, respectively. And the intermediates of the conversion, Cu₂O/Cu_7.2S₄ core/shell nanostructures have been recorded. Thirdly, by the subsequent treatment of Cu_7.2S₄ hollow samples with sodium citrate solution, CuS hollow nanospheres and nanoboxes are obtained. The samples are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction （XRD）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, field-emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM）. The reaction conditions are studied. Based on the experimental results, the possible formation mechanisms have been proposed.In addition, the adsorption effect of the methylene blue （MB） dye on Cu_7.2S₄ hollow nanospheres is investigated. The adsorption isotherms at different temperature （20℃, 35℃, 50℃） were determined respectively. The data analysis shows that the adsorption of MB on Cu_7.2S₄ hollow nanospheres obeys Freundlich and Langmuir equations. Further study indicates that the adsorption is a spontaneous endothermic process with a positive entropy changes.更多还原