【作者】 郑冬生；

【导师】 王才；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 检测技术与自动化装置， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 地下水位异常是目前公认的最重要的地震前兆信息之一。因此，地下水位数据的监测，对地震预报具有非常重要的实际意义。我国地下水位观测网是世界上规模最大的前兆台网，拥有近1000口观测井泉，每日采集到数以万计的观测数据。但是，目前我国地震地下水位前兆数据的管理技术水平较低，数据的传输以函寄、电话报数为主，部分数据还要靠人工输入计算机中，这就严重阻碍了数据的有效利用和长期保存。因此，有必要开发一种远程监测系统来实现观测数据的自动采集和传输。在查阅大量中外相关文献，总结前人研究工作的基础上，本文设计了一种低成本的GPRS(General Packet Radio Service，即通用分组无线服务)通信与嵌入式系统相结合的远程监测系统。本系统硬件平台采用了三星公司的基于ARM920T(Advanced RISC Machine)内核的S3C2410A芯片作为系统处理器，软件平台采用了嵌入式Linux操作系统，采用了GPRS作为无线通信方式。S3C2410A处理器将采集到的水位数据传送到处理器的串口，通过其串口控制GPRS无线通讯模块接入Internet网络，并将数据传送到指定了地址(固定IP地址或域名)的监控中心主机，从而实现了对地下水位的远程无线监测和数据保存。本文完成了远程嵌入式监测系统的硬件设计和软件设计。首先以S3C2410A芯片为核心进行硬件开发，硬件平台主要包括存储模块、数据采集模块和数据传输模块。存储模块采用了MCP FLASH(MCP是Multi-Chip Package的缩写，即多芯片封装)存储器，其内部集成了32M的NAND FLASH(NAND型闪存)和16M的SDRAM(Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory，即同步动态随机存储器)，为系统提供了足够的存储空间；数据采集模块，是由感应式数字水位传感器、水位变送器和S3C2410A的八路十位A／D(Analog／Digital)转换器组成；数据传输模块，采用GPRS通信模块GR100。然后针对S3C2410A的硬件特性，修改Linux操作系统的内核源代码并编写部分内核源代码以保证操作系统对硬件系统的支持；配置和编译Linux操作系统的内核，构建了相应的嵌入式Linux平台。最后在该软硬件平台的基础上，开发在嵌入式Linux系统下的外围硬件设备驱动程序，设计应用程序实现地下水位数据的自动采集和传输功能。通过实验，证明远程嵌入式监测系统能够满足地下流体观测网对数据自动采集和传输的需要。该系统的设计节省了地下流体观测网的投资费用，保证了地下水位数据传输的实时性，方便了地下水位数据的保存。因此具有重要的研究意义和广阔的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Abnormality of groundwater-level is considered as one of the most important forewarnings for earthquakes. Therefore, monitoring of groundwater-level data has great significance for earthquake forecast. Chinese observation ney based on groundwater is the largest in the world and we have nearly 1000 observation wells. They produce millions of observation data every day. But the level of the data management techniques is very low. The data is transmitted mainly by letters and telephones. Part of the data is input by computer artificially. All the bove hinder usage effectiveness and preservation of the data. Thus, it is necessary to develop a remote monitoring system for data auto-collection and auto-tansmission.After consulting many related documents in both china and foreign countries, I design a low-cost remote monitoring system combined GPRS communications with embedded system, which is based on former research.The system takes Samsung S3C2410A ARM920T micro-processor as CPU, embedded Linux as operating system and GPRS as wireless communication technology for hardware. S3C2410A micro-processor transfers water-level data, coming from exterior sensor, to the serial port of the micro-processor. S3C-2410A micro-processor connects GPRS module with serial port. S3C2410A sends data to GPRS server by GPRS module, and then the server re-sends the data to the computer of the control centen, whose IP address is given in the water-level data by internet.The thesis completes the design for remote embedded monitoring system in both software and hardware. The work is as follows:The haraware development, based on S3C2410A microprocessor, includes: storage module, which adopts MCP FLASH storage, intergrates 32M NAND FLASH and 16M SDRAM. So it provides enough storage space for the system. data-collection module. It is made up of digital water-level sensor and 10-bit analog to digital converter with 8-channel analog inputs. data-transmission module.According to the characteristic of S3C2410A, I revised the kernel source code of Linux operation system and complined parts of kernel sourcr code, in order to guarantee the support to hardware system. Allocating and editing the kernel of Linux operation, I built a corresponding embedded Linux platform.Based on the software platform, I developed a peripheral hardware driver which is subordinate to the embeadded Linux. The application program realizes auto-collection and auto-transmission of watr-level data.It is proved that the remote embedded monitoring system can meet the demand of auto-collection and auto-transmission by fluid observation net. The design of the system not only can save expenses of investment influid observation net, but also guarantee the real-time of ground water-level data transmission and preservation. Therefore, it has important researching significance and broad application prospect.更多还原