天然气脱CO₂的经济可行性研究

【作者】 胡安鑫；

【导师】 袁宗明； 谢英；

【作者基本信息】 西南石油大学 ， 油气储运工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,我国国家标准规定商品天然气的CO₂含量不大于3%,由于能量计量更科学更先进,更能反映天然气的内在价值,现在世界上许多国家都已采用能量计量天然气的计量方式。考虑到未来我国天然气计量将逐步转为能量计量,管输气的CO₂含量还可能进一步降低。因此,所有酸性气田的天然气不仅需要脱除硫化氢,还要脱除二氧化碳。二氧化碳可应用于食品、焊接、消防、农业、油气开采、清洗、化工等许多行业,二氧化碳市场潜力很大。我国高酸性气田净化过程中脱除的CO₂主要是排放,如果能将巨量的CO₂资源妥善利用,不仅减少环境污染,而且可以利用碳资源为企业增加经济效益。本文介绍了经济可行性研究相关经济理论,同时总结出CO₂的主要分离方法:化学溶剂法、物理溶剂法、吸附法、低温分离法和膜分离法,通过对几种方法进行对比研究,选择MEA法脱CO₂作为论文经济分析的方法。从MEA法脱CO₂工艺的基本原理和工艺流程出发,给出可以用于流程中主要设备工艺计算的方法,提出适用于MEA法分离二氧化碳经济可行性研究的具体步骤,可以为建设具体脱CO₂厂的可行性研究提供技术经济理论体系。通过对不同处理量,不同二氧化碳含量原料气进行经济分析,得出建设脱CO₂厂项目可行与否以及评价指标随基本参数变化的规律。论文给出的经济评价方法以及建设具体脱二氧化碳站场的经济分析结果,不仅可以为气田用MEA法脱CO₂的可行性研究作为参考,而且可以为气田建设类似天然脱CO₂厂的可行性研究提供思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, it’s stipulated in national standard that the content of carbon dioxide in commodity natural gas shouldn’t be greater than 3% and most countries use energy measure because energy measure is more advanced and can reflect inherent gas value more. Considering that gas measures mode in our country will turn into energy measure in the future and the content of carbon dioxide in gas in pipelines will possibly reduce further, therefore, gas in acidity gas field needs not only to eliminate hydrogen sulfide, but also to eliminate carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide can be applied to many industries such as food, welding, fire control, agriculture, oil and gas exploit, wash, chemical industry and so on and market potential of carbon dioxide in our country is very big. However, carbon dioxide is always discharged in high acidity gas field in purifying process, and if it can be made good use of, it can cut down environmental pollution and increases economic effect of enterprise.Theory about economy feasibility was introduced and at the same time the main separation methods were summed up: chemistry menstruum, physics menstruum, adsorption, low temperature separation and film separation. And through comparison of these methods MEA method was chose as the method of economy analysis in this paper.Based on fundamental principle and technological process of eliminating CO₂ with MEA, methods of technological calculation of capital equipments in a process are provided, and specific procedures of economic feasibility study suitable for eliminating CO₂ with MEA are suggested, which provide technological and economic theories to support feasibility study of constructing a real CO₂ eliminating station. According to economic analysis of different CO₂ treatment capacity and different feed gas, the conclusion of whether or not constructing a CO₂ eliminating station is reached. Meanwhile, the law of evaluation indication according to basic parameter changes is given.Economic evaluation method and results of economic law in constructing a real CO₂ eliminating station are provided in this article, which give a clue to economic feasibility study of CO₂ eliminating with MEA, and refer to feasibility study of gas field construction such as natural gas purification plant as well.更多还原