【作者】 郭娟；

【导师】 赵建龙；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（上海微系统与信息技术研究所） ， 微电子学与固体电子学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 由于人体指纹具有唯一性、广泛性以及不可复制性等优点，因此指纹识别技术己发展成为应用最广的一种生物识别技术。随着人们对小型消费类设备，特别是移动设备的安全性要求的日渐提高，传统的自动指纹识别认证系统AFIS(Automatic Fingerprint Identification System)移动性较差、体积较大的弊端就显现出来了。因此研究应用在这些小型消费类产品中的AFIS具有很强的现实意义和广阔的市场空间。基于上述背景，本论文在深入研究并改进BST FingerAPI1.0指纹识别算法的基础上，选用可编程门阵列FPGA(Field Programmed Gate Array)来实现AFIS，主要做了以下几方面工作：1、在整理学习大量基于DSP或ARM的指纹识别技术资料的基础上，对这类指纹识别技术特点、应用领域和发展趋势做了研究，并针对传统的嵌入式指纹识别系统的缺点提出了相应的解决方案。2、深入调研了现有各种指纹识别算法，特别是应用在嵌入式AFIS的算法，并结合BST FingerAPI1.0版本算法提出了适用于嵌入FPGA硬件电路的指纹识别算法。该算法主要由指纹检测采集、图像增强、指纹特征点提取以及比对四个部分组成，与传统的算法相比，减少了指纹细化和二值化的过程。这种算法的改进在保证指纹识别系统性能的同时减少了FPGA资源占有量，提高了算法运算速度。3、对基于FPGA的指纹识别系统进行结构和功能设计，把整个AFIS划分为指纹采集、算法、存储、控制四个模块。本文主要对指纹采集模块、算法模块进行研究，在重点介绍指纹识别算法各个功能的FPGA硬件电路实现方法及效果图，指纹采集模块的SPI接口设计的同时，简单介绍了其它模块的功能以及模块间相互的通信接口设计，并在最后介绍了系统验证平台的搭建以及验证结果。实验结果表明，基于FPGA硬件方式实现的指纹识别系统能依次顺利完成指纹采集、图像增强、特征点提取以及指纹比对各个功能，完全能满足实际应用的要求。本论文的完成为指纹识别系统的ASIC实现打下了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 The fingerprint identification technology has been applied widely as a modern technology in biometrics because of the advantages of uniqueness, universality, irreproducibility. The disadvantages of portability and cubage in traditional Automatic Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) became more and more obvious while the requirement of safety in mini-equipment was increasing day by day. That provides a huge market in the research of AFIS in the mini-equipments .This dissertation describes the realization of AFIS with Field Programmed Gate Array (FPGA) based on BST FingerAPI1.0 in the background of above. The topics of this dissertation are presented below:1. After the in-depth research of the characters, applications and tendency of fingerprint identification technology based on DSP or ARM, solutions are brought forward to surmount the disadvantages of those traditional AFIS.2. A new arithmetic compliant for FPAG in hardware circuit is brought out based on the research of arithmetic existing especially AFIS and BST FingerAPIl.O revision. The new arithmetic is composed of fingerprint gathering, image enhancement, minutiae extraction, minutiae matching, and elides the processes of thinning and binarization compared to the traditional arithmetic. The operational speed is increased while the system performance ability keeps the same.3. The configuration and function design of AFIS based on FPGA is brought forward, and divide the AFIS to 4 parts as gathering module, arithmetic module, memory module, control module. Gathering module and arithmetic module are particularly introduced in this dissertation, especially the hardware circuits of FPGA, SPI interface of gathering module, the communication interface design between the modules and the function of the other modules. In the end of this dissertation, the validation flat and result of this AFIS are introduced.The system result of experimentations indicates that the hardware based on FPGA could complete the functions of fingerprint gathering, image enhancement, minutiae extraction, minutiae matching in turn. The completion of this dissertation grounds for the ASIC of fingerprint identification system.更多还原