【作者】 刘席；

【导师】 左卫民；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 诉讼法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 悬赏缉拿犯罪嫌疑人的做法古已有之，但现代意义上的悬赏缉拿最早出现于20世纪30年代的美国，后来在西方资本主义国家的刑事侦查中慢慢被使用，并逐渐形成了一套有关悬赏缉拿犯罪分子的法律制度。在我国，特别是进入经济和社会转轨时期以来，犯罪形势显得尤为严峻，为了缉拿罪大恶极的犯罪头目，我国政府和公安机关重拳出击，加大打击力度，其中最行之有效的措施之一就是悬赏通缉。悬赏通缉在刑事侦查中的应用，特别是在侦破重特大恶性案件中发挥着其他侦查方式无法比拟的优势。采用“悬赏”缉拿逃犯、获取犯罪线索是近年来公安机关在追缉在逃犯人或犯罪嫌疑人时所采用的惯常作法，也是新时期公安机关在刑侦程序中“走群众路线”的崭新模式。由于我国法律没有关于其的具体规定，理论界关于悬赏的研究又多集中于民商事悬赏的研究，缺乏对刑事悬赏通缉制度方面的研究，没有形成统一的认识，致使实务界在应用悬赏通缉时出现各自为政的局面。因此这就需要我们尽快在法律上加以规范，在制度上加以完善。本文立足于司法实践，综合运用比较分析的方法、利益衡量方法及经济分析方法等，对悬赏通缉有关的法律问题进行了较为全面的研究，并对相关问题加以论证解决，能够给理论研究和司法实务能够作出一点小小的贡献和启示也好。本文分为除综述和结语部分外，共分4个部分，全文共计近四万字。第一章主要对悬赏通缉的有关概念进行梳理，这一部分主要界定了本篇论文几个重点基础性概念——悬赏、通缉、悬赏通缉、民事悬赏以及公民个人悬赏缉凶，并对其加以比较、区别，对悬赏通缉的构成、法律性质、特点进行分析，以期理清现实中的混淆。第二章主要介绍了我国悬赏通缉的现实状况。从悬赏通缉产生的背景，到我国悬赏通缉的实践对现实的启示，引发对有关“公民举报义务与‘悬赏之下，才有勇夫’的冲突”、以及“悬赏对中国社会赖以维系的亲情、友情关系的冲突”这两个问题的思考。第三章从法经济学角度对构建我国悬赏通缉制度的可行性作出评价。首先分别对公安机关和相对人的成本进行分析，再对悬赏通缉中的社会收益以及相对方的个体收益以及悬赏双方的博弈进行分析，以期从法经济学的角度解决一个问题——悬赏通缉是否是一套预期收益大于预期成本的有效制度。第四章也是本文的重点部分，在前面几章分析的基础上，认为悬赏通缉必须走上制度化、规范化的道路，并对构建我国的悬赏通缉制度相关问题进行法律思考，明确并解决实践中可能出现的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Offering a reward for the capture of a criminal has been in exsitence from the ancientry, but the modern sense of criminal rewards for the capture a criminal that turned up in America in thel930’s was gradually used by western capitalism countries and grew up to a legal system. In china, especially since our country entered into economic and social transition period, the situation of crime seems especially severe. In order to seize extremly sinful criminal head, our government and public security in succession heavy fist launch an sttack , increase to hit intensity , one of the most effective measures is offering a reward for the capture of a criminal. The application of offering a reward for the capture of a criminal has its own incomparable strengths in criminal investigation, especially in many momentous and malignant cases. In our country, using "reward"for the capture of escaped criminals and gaining the criminal clues is customary method for the capture of escaped criminals or suspects in the criminal investigations, and it’s aslo a brand-new pattern of our public security to "follow the mass line" in the criminal procedure. However there are no specific legal regulations as to offering criminal reward for the capture a criminal, those theorists usually pay their attention to the research on civil reward-offering advertisement instead of criminal reward-offering caused each department goes his own way when carrying it out. So we must standardize it in law and improve it in the system as soon as possible. Basing itself upon judicial practice, by means of comparative method, historical analytical method, interests measurement method and economic analytical method, this paper makes a comprehensive study on legal problems about offering a reward for the capture of the criminal with the hope of doing some contribution to theories and practices. Besides the overview and the epilogue, this paper falls into four parts, the total word of this paper is about 40’000 words.Chapter One is to clarify some relevant concepts relating to the criminal rewards for the capture a criminal. In this part, I try to clarify and distinguish somefundamental and confusable concepts in this paper------reward-offering, the ordercircularly the arrest of a criminal at large, offering a reward for the capture of a criminal, the civil reward-offering advertisement and the individual citizen offering a reward. To avoid the confusion in practice, it discusses the the composing, legal nature, characters of the criminal reward for the capture a criminal.Chapter Two states the current situation of the criminal reward for. the capture a criminal in our country. From the background of its generating to the revelation of its practice, this stimulates two conversations on "the duty of the offence-reporting and ’there is a brave people because of the existence of a reward’", "the reward-offering whether has a impact on the close affinity or connection of our social."Chapter Three is to analyse the feasibility of establishing of the china system of offer a reward for the capture of a criminal from a legal economical standpoint. The primary analysis is performed on the cost of police and informants. And the following discussed the social benefits, informants’ individual benefits and the game between the both with a view to solve the problem on whether the this system is a valid system with more expecting benefit than the cost.The last chapter is the key of this paper as well. Based on the research of the previous statements, the system of offering a reward for the capture of a criminal has to be placed on a preliminary legal and regular track. And finally it gives considerations of system construction of offering a reward for the capture of a criminal, and is ready to solve problems that may arise in the process.更多还原