【作者】 赵旭；

【导师】 里赞；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 法律， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 破产免责制度，是指在破产程序终结后，依据破产法的规定，对于符合法定条件未能依破产程序清偿债务的债务人，在法定范围内免除其继续清偿债务责任的制度。破产免责制度的产生，最早出现于1705年的英国。随着破产法理念的转变，现代破产立法已经将破产免责制度的目的涵盖保护诚实的债务人的内容。破产免责的理念缘于破产免责制度本身的法律内涵，但破产免责理念至今尚未形成统一的认识：早期破产免责主义把免责看成是国家给予债务人的特别照顾，而现代破产免责主义则把免责看成是债务人的一项权利。我国现行《中华人民共和国企业破产法(试行)》内容不包括自然人破产。《中华人民共和国企业破产法》已于2006年8月27日通过，并将于2007年6月1日起施行，适用于所有法人企业及企业法人以外的组织的破产清算。通过这一规定，《企业破产法》的适用范围得到了扩大，但仍然未能使我国破产法在自然人破产上作出突破。本文在对破产免责制度的基本理念、功能等问题作了深入性研究后，与美国、英国、日本和德国的破产法作为参考，对破产免责制度的具体程序和制度设置进行了比较，从而引出破产免责的理念，并在深入分析我国破产制度现状的基础上，就我国建立真正意义上的破产免责制度的制度设置提出了自己的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Personal bankruptcy principally is designed to permit debtors rehabilitation through the discharge of debts, and to those individual debtors, one attraction of filinga bankruptcy case is to obtain discharge from burdensome debt. A discharge voids any judgments against the debtors to the extent that it creates a personal liability, which covers all scheduled debts that arose before the date of the order for relief. Discharge was introduced for the sack of personal bankruptcy and had nothing to do with the bankruptcy for partnership, corporation or municipality.This thesis is composed by six separated but related parts: the first part will focus on some basic knowledge of discharge, such as the historical development of discharge, the totally opposed thoughts of legislation on bankruptcy and discharge, and the different theories of discharge. Then, we will come to the central part of this thesis--the different theories on discharge, which have not yet been discussed fully and systematically in our country. The author intends to reason this topic from the aspects of the purpose of bankruptcy, law and economics, risk allocation and the idea of humanitarianism. Furthermore, a research on the value of discharge is also necessary: in the macroscopic point, discharge can distribute financial risks rationally which is good for the stabilization of society and the individual credit system; in the microscopic point, it can ensure the creditors’ rights and encourage the debtors to have a fresh start. The third, fourth and fifth parts cover the legislation and juristic practice, which include the definition, the conditions, the duration of bankruptcy, the discretionary grounds, the court’s power, the procedure, the effects, the exemptions and the revocation of discharge in foreign countries. These three parts are processed in a way of comparison. At the end of this thesis, comes the last part—the legislator of discharge in China and some reasonable suggestions and opinions from the author.Through the analysis of Chinese Bankruptcy Law, the author believes that although there are no written sections and terms about discharge, our bankruptcy law contains the idea of helping the debtors overcome financial distress, which constitutes the soul of discharge. China is in her way of constituting new bankruptcy law, it’s doubtless stat personal bankruptcy and discharge would be included. At the same time, in order to exert the significance of discharge, the government should speed up the establishment of relative systems, such as the individual credit system. This thesis aims at providing a comprehensive framework of bankruptcy discharge which can justify its significance through comparing the legislation examples in foreign countries, and then develops an appropriate outline for bankruptcy discharge revision in China.更多还原