【作者】 杨强；

【导师】 党亚民； 秘金钟；

【作者基本信息】 山东科技大学 ， 大地测量学与测量工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 上一世纪90年代初IGS的建立标志着GPS应用于地球物理研究工作的开始。世界各国地学研究机构在不同的国家建立了GPS连续跟踪站，到2001年为止全球共有1800多个GPS连续跟踪站在工作。本论文利用IGS连续跟踪站多年的观测数据进行研究。本论文的前半部分介绍了ITRF参考框架，论述了地球参考框架与板块运动之间的关系，以及参考框架板块运动模型与地质模型(NNR-NUVEL1A)有较好的一致性，表明ITRF板块模型适合于研究现今几年到几十年尺度的地壳形变。介绍了对GPS高程时间序列分析所需要的方法，如ARMA模型、线性拟合、功率谱以及小波等。论文的后半部分对全球均匀分布的GPS连续跟踪站高程时间序列进行插值，获得了均匀采样的时间序列。然后利用ARMA模型改进了时间序列。计算了跟踪站高程方向的线性速度。对时间序列进行自相关函数、谱分析和小波多分辨分析。通过分析，发现大多数跟踪站存在以半年和周年为周期的运动，表明全球范围高程变化具有明显的季节性变化项。论文对GPS高程时间序列存在的季节性变化从极潮、海洋潮汐、大气压、基岩热膨胀、冰期后回弹等多个地球物理因素进行了定性和部分定量分析。分析表明，全球地壳存在整体性扩张或收缩的振荡，同时南北半球的变化规律存在差异。计算了不同纬度的闭合环纬线变化率，认为南半球存在整体膨胀趋势，北半球整体变化不明显。更多还原

【Abstract】 The establishment of the IGS, which was set up in the end of last century, was a symbol for the beginning of geodynamics research by using GPS data. From that time , many GPS fiducial stations were carried out by various organization. At the end of the 2001, 1800 GPS fiducial stations had being operated routinely. In this thesis, we study the time series collected by IGS fiducial stations for many years.At the first part of this thesis, we introduced the international terrestrial reference frame (ITRF), discussed the relation between ITRF and plate motion, and the global plate motion model is consistent with the geological model (NNR-NUVEL1A) basically, which is suitable for year-scale crustal deformation research. We also introduced some methods for analysis time series, such as ARMA, linear smoothing, power spectrum, wavelet.At the second part of the thesis, we have obtained even sampling by interpolating to study GPS time series in height component generated form fiducial stations, which are globally distributed. Then we improved the time series by ARMA model, computed linear velocity of various stations. We use ACF, spectral analysis and multi-resolution wavelet analysis to study time series. After analysis, both annual and biannual moves of the most stations are detected, which show there are clear seasonal variations in world-wide. We qualitative and part of quantitative analysis of many geophysical, from pole tide, ocean tide, atmospheric pressure, bedrock thermal expansion and postglacial rebound, for the seasonal variations in GPS time series. After analysis, contracting movement in the earth was detected, and movements follow different laws in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere. We computed change rate of latitude closed circuit and the results show that the Southern Hemisphere is expanding compared with the Northern.更多还原