【作者】 沈永清；

【导师】 徐中伟；

【作者基本信息】 同济大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 由于国家经济和大众生活中大量引入了嵌入式计算机系统，其中的安全关键软件是否可信赖已成为此类系统能否正常运转的关键因素。嵌入式安全关键软件的测试和验证是保证嵌入式安全关键软件正确性和提高嵌入式安全关键软件安全性的最基本和最重要的手段。本文在介绍了软件测试和安全关键软件测试的联系和区别，并引申到嵌入式安全关键软件测试后，着重分析和研究了故障注入技术和基于接口参数的测试方法在安全关键软件测试中的应用和几种常用的测试质量度量方法。嵌入式安全关键软件仿真测试平台是一个基于ARM的计算机模拟测试系统，是进行嵌入式关键软件系统测试的有力工具。通过分析嵌入式安全关键软件仿真测试平台的功能和体系结构，本文详细描述了嵌入式系统模拟器的结构组成和实现方式，并深入讨论了在测试过程中扮演重要角色的测试管理器的各个功能模块和具体实现。在嵌入式软件仿真测试平台的实现过程中，解决了多个关键技术问题，本文以此平台为例子，深入阐述了包括程序插桩技术、自动测试技术和软件故障注入技术等关键技术的具体实现。论文研究成果已在铁路道岔状态监测系统测试中得到了部分验证，并取得了良好的应用效果。最后，本文在总结现有成果的基础上，展望有待完善和深入研究的方向，包括更多嵌入式体系架构的模拟研究，更多测试方法的研究和实现，完善平台配套工具链的功能等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since large numbers of embedded computer systems are utilized in fields of national economy and people’s live, whether safety-critical software (SCS) used in them is dependable or not has become a critical factor in their normal working.The testing and verification of embedded SCS are the guarantee of the validity and safety of embedded SCS. Firstly, by introducing the relationships among and differences of software testing, SCS and embedded SCS, this dissertation stresses the studies and analyses on the applications of the fault-injection technique and a new testing method based on the combinatorial coverage of all the interface parameters for functions in the embedded SCS testing, and describes a few common software testing quality measurement methods.The Embedded SCS Simulation Testing Platform is an ARM-based emulation system which is a powerful tool for comprehensive testing for embedded SCS. With the analyses on the functions and architecture of the Embedded SCS Simulation Testing Platform, it describes the components and implementations of the emulation for embedded system in details, and discusses the function modules and its realization of testing manager which plays a key role in the platform.During the implementation process of the Embedded SCS Simulation Testing Platform, a few key technologies have been solved. It uses this platform as an example to demonstrate the realizations of key technologies in details which include the fault-injection, the automation-testing, and the program-instrumentation technologies.The research in this paper has already been verified partly and used in railway Point Monitoring System. It obtains a good application result. Finally, after summarizing the existing research results, several problems that will be discussed deeply in future are enumerated, which include studies and implementations of more testing methods and embedded architecture simulations, and improvement of the tool trains for this platform.更多还原