【作者】 黄欣；

【导师】 牛俊邦；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学 ， 材料加工工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着油田开发进入高含水开采阶段,原有脱水电源效率很难再进一步提高,针对目前国内外原油脱水电源的现状,从提高原油脱水效率的角度出发,设计了矩形波交流原油脱水电源。矩形波交流原油脱水电源包括主电路和控制电路两部分。电源的主电路包括硬件设计和参数选择,主电路采用全桥式逆变结构,硬件电路包括整流电路、滤波电路、调压电路、逆变电路和升压电路,阐述了其工作原理,并对全桥整流电路的二极管、IGBT功率器件和变压器等进行了参数计算。控制电路主要由TL494芯片和AT89C51单片机组成,形成闭环控制系统。控制IGBT器件的PWM波由以TL494为核心的PWM控制电路产生;驱动电路选用IGBT专用驱动模块2SD315A进行控制信号的放大;保护电路包括过压保护、过流保护、短路保护。软件部分对以AT89C51单片机为核心的防偏磁控制电路进行了初始化参数的设计和单片机的编程。进行防偏磁电路的软硬件设计是本文控制电路设计的重点。最后,对电源进行了实验并对实验结果进行了分析,实验室实验中电源输出波形基本为交流矩形波,与设想的基本一致;现场试验是对脱水效果的试验,矩形波交流原油脱水电源脱水效果良好,完全符合国家标准。更多还原

【Abstract】 Considering the present situation of electric dehydration power resource of crude oil ,an electric dehydration power resource of crude oil which can output great power is designed from the angle of energy conservation and the performance-cost ratio.In this paper, the electric dehydration power resource is designed in the hardware and software part. The hardware part is made of main circuit, drive circuit, control circuit and protection circuit. The full bridge structure is used in the design of main circuit. The function of main circuit is presented, and the parameters of IGBT power components and transformer are calculated. The control circuit are mainly composed of the TL494 module and the AT89C51 single-chip processor,which forms a closed loop control system. The PWM waves controlling IGBT components are generated by PWM control circuit which is mainly composed of the TL494 module. The IGBT drive circuit uses the special-purpose 2SD315A module to carry on the amplification of control signal. Protection circuit includes over voltage protection, over current protection, short-circuit protection. The software part designs the initialization parameters separately according to anti-biasing controlling circuit which is mainly composed of AT89C51 single-chip processor and does the programming of micro controlled unit. The experimental results indicate that the output waveform meets the requirement of the theoretical design parameters basically and the system can work reliably and control well.Finally, the tests and analysis of the electric dehydration power resource are done, which proves the reasonability of the circuits.更多还原