【作者】 楚子星；

【导师】 张建国；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学 ， 油气田开发工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 稠油作为难动用储量已经逐渐被重视,其开采的关键就是降低其粘度。本文首先介绍了稠油及其油藏特有的性质,说明了稠油高粘的实质。总结了目前稠油降粘的方法或技术及其作用机理,总结了各种降粘技术的优缺点,从而提出了本课题研究的主题。课题运用室内实验、理论分析、理论计算、现场试验方法进行研究,对同种油样分别优选最佳降粘剂浓度、油水比,筛选了降粘效果好,经济实用的一种降粘剂,并从乳状液稳定性、成本对降粘剂作了评价实验,得出了最佳降粘剂及其配方;利用生物显微镜观察了降粘剂对三种油样的乳状液形态,从微观上解释了脉冲波动作用与化学复合降粘的可行性;运用室内模拟实验研究了振动剪切作用对油水乳状液的协同作用,并从宏观和微观角度解释了复合乳化降粘机理,从机理上得出压力脉冲复合化学降粘是可行的,通过现场试验研究了复合降粘解堵工艺,并对现场施工参数进行了理论计算,对该技术的适应性作了评价。进一步深入提出了该技术与热化学复合对稠油井的吞吐式解堵降粘技术。本技术的应用前景广阔,并且为其他复合技术提供了研究思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 The heavy oil is going to be counted as hard reserves; the visbreaking is the key to exploit it. The paper introduced the character of heavy oil and its reservoir, illustrated the nature of high viscosity,and generalized the ways or technique of visbreaking at present, obtained their advantage and disadvantage. So the paper’s theme is produced. The methods of study are laboratory experiment, theoretical analysis, theoretical calculation and field trial. The best consistence and oil/water ratio of profitable thinning agent are optimized according to the same sample, evaluated the stability of emulsion and cost of the thinning agent, and then the best formulae of thinning agent is screened. The modalities of emulsion to three samples are studied by the biological-microscope, and expounded the capability of pulse wave compounding chemistry from microscope. The synergetic effect of shear action to emulsification is studied by simulated experiment, and expounded the mechanism of compounding visbreaking from macroscopy and microscope. The pressure pulse compounding chemistry is feasible from the mechanism. The methodology of compounding visbreaking and broken down is studied by field trial, calculated the construction parameters, and evaluated the adaptability of the technique. The visbreaking and broken down technique of the technique compounding heat chemistry is produced for heavy oil well. The appliance foreground of the technique is wide, and provided research approach for other techniques.更多还原