当今乒乓球运动技战术发展趋势

【作者】 张红玲；

【导师】 蔡学玲；

【作者基本信息】 北京体育大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 乒乓球运动有着十分丰富的内容,既有各种不同类型的打法,又有不同的风格流派,同时技术战术也多种多样,比较复杂。随着乒乓球运动的不断变化和发展,我们要加强认识,转变观念,更新方法,掌握其内在的规律,根据运动员的具体情况,采取有效的手段和措施。保持我国在该项目的世界领先地位。本文从宏观上对当今乒乓球运动的现状进行分析、研究。研究对象为25名世界优秀乒乓球运动员。运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法、录像分析法以及乒乓球技战术三段指标评估法对当今乒乓球运动技战术的发展趋势进行了深入地分析和研究,并得出以下结论:1、当今乒乓球运动的发展以促使比赛进入了技术、战术、身体、心理等全面对抗的阶段。大球、11分制以及无遮挡发球规则的实施后,更加剧了这种对抗的激烈程度。因此,技术要求更加精确,技术的严密性比搏杀性更重要,我们在稳健的基础上提高主动上手的比率。2、研究结果表明:11分赛制的实施实施以后,接抢段的使用率明显上升,这一现象表明:11分制使比赛的重心前移,前四板的争夺变得更加激烈。接发球抢攻将成为争取主动的前沿技术,这对技战术的组合提出了更高的要求。技术的组合要更加细腻、战术的运用要更加合理,在精炼前三板的技战术组合的同时,加强三五板、二四板以及相持段技术的衔接。3、当代乒乓球运动中,随着运动员之间水平的接近,乒乓球意识越来越重要,技战术的使用是以意识为前提的。意识的好与坏直接影响技战术水平的发挥。因此,我们要加强乒乓球意识的培养。4、新规则的实施,将会引起乒乓球训练理论、体系、模式和方法上的一些变化。我们应该认真分析世界乒乓球运动所发生的一些变化,了解乒乓球运动发展的动向,抓住规则变化带来的新机遇,不断地挑战自我,挑战对手,挑战未来,锐意创新与发展,国外有的我们要有,国外没有的我们也要有,结合自己的实际工作,扬长避短,力争主动,勇于探索,大胆创新,全面提高综合实力,只有这样才能使我们的技术更加全面,特长更加突出,风格更加鲜明,做到与时俱进,保持我国在世界的优势地位。更多还原

【Abstract】 Table tennis is composed of many contents. It not only possesses various plays but also has a lot of compose of skills and tactics. As the continuouse development of table tennis, we should augment our recognization, converse our conception, renew our methods, grasp the rules of table tennis. According to the particular state of the athlete, we should adopt effective method, in order to maintain our country’s leading status in the world.The paper anlysizes the present condition of the table tennis from macroscopic aspect. Research subjects: 25 excellent players. The paper applies documents, visiting, logic analysis, case analysis and statistics, video-observation and three-phase method to research. And draw to the conclusions as follows:1.The development of nowadays table tennis makes the match come into the overally opposing phase, including skills, tactics, body and psychology. The big-ball, 11-point system each game and unblocked service made it more intense. After the new rules were adopted, it requires the players more careful and more accurate when they use any skill. On the base of the steady state, augment the initiative consciousness.2.The research reveals: after 11-point system was adopted, the elite player’s using rate of the phase of reception increased greatly. It makes the match change more fiercely before 4 boards. The adoption of new rules requires the players more careful and more accurate when they use any skill, at the same time, they should strengthen the joins of skills between 2 and 4 and between 3 and 5.3.As the standard of athletes gradually approach, the consciousness of table tennis is more and more important. The consciousness is the premise of the skills and tactics. It directly affects the level of skills and tactics. So we should strengthen the cultivation of the consciousness. 4. The adoption of new rules will arise some changes of the table tennis’s theory, system, model and method. We should seriously analysis the changes that the new rules bring, know the tendency of the table tennis, grasp the new opportunity, challenge the opponent and the future, intent to bring forth new ideas and development, keep up our country’s dominant position in the world.更多还原