【作者】 邹乙；

【导师】 杨秀清；

【作者基本信息】 中国政法大学 ， 法律， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 历史上,群体诉讼只是对一类诉讼现象的描述,而并不是一个专门的法律术语。18世纪末,随着现代工业的产生和发展,大规模的群体纠纷也随之产生,即一种行为或事实引宁起众多主体的争议。一旦将这种群体纠纷诉诸法院,就会出现群体诉讼。但由于诉讼主体众多,不仅传统民事诉讼中的单一诉讼制度不能解决,共同诉讼制度亦无能为力。诉讼实践呼唤新的诉讼制度的诞生,因此群体诉讼是伴随着纠纷形态的“现代化”应运而生的一个概念。本文首先对群体诉讼制度的基本理论问题进行阐述,然后对各国处理群体性纠纷的几种代表性制度进行比较分析,最后对我国代表人诉讼的实际运行状况进行分析,试就如何改革和完善我国目前的群体诉讼制度提出自己的见解。本文除前言和结语外,一共分为四章:第一章是对群体诉讼制度的概述。笔者首先阐述了自己对于群体诉讼制度的基本认知,主要介绍了群体诉讼制度的产生背景并总结了群体诉讼制度的基本特征;然后分析了现代群体诉讼制度应该具有的功能;最后,笔者对群体诉讼制度的价值进行了探讨。第二章介绍并评述了国外几种有代表性的群体诉讼制度,包括美国的集团诉讼制度、德国的团体诉讼制度、日本的选定当事人制度,并对这几种制度进行了分析比较。第三章介绍我国群体诉讼制度——代表人诉讼制度。本部分概述了我国代表人这一具有中国独创性诉讼制度产生的社会背景、主要特征及现状评价,并将其与国外几种群体诉讼制度进行比较,分析其异同。第四章就如何改革和完善我国的代表人诉讼制度提出了自己的见解。一方面,可引进美国的集团诉讼,但我国目前尚不具备整体引进美国集团诉讼制度的社会条件,只能在特定领域借鉴其优点;另一方面,主要从三个方面完善我国的代表人诉讼制度:(一)适度扩大适用范围:1、增设提起不作为之诉的便利条件;2、从根本上改变诉讼标的的规定。(二)完善法律对诉讼代表人的规定:1、赋予诉讼代表人的实体处分权;2、诉讼代表人的更换;3、建立对代表人的激励和约束机制;4、加强法院(官)对诉讼活动的职权干预,以更好地维护社会公共利益,防止代表人侵害全体当事人的合法权益。(三)程序方面的改革:1、代表人诉讼制度的管辖问题;2、上诉问题;3、权利登记的程序要件应缓行;4、代表人诉讼制度的举证责任;5、代表人诉讼制度的裁判效力扩张的程序问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Majority Litigation was not a special legal term in history, but the description of a kind of litigation phenomenon. At the end of the 18th century, with the production and development of modern industry, a lot of majority dispute, namely a kind of behavior or the fact cause the dispute of numerous subjects. When the majority dispute is appealed to the court, Majority Litigation has appeared. Because of numerous of lawsuits subjects, not only the single lawsuit system in the traditional civil action can’t be solved, but also the co-litigation system is powerless. The lawsuit practice is calling for the birth of the new litigation system. So Majority Litigation is a concept arise with the dispute modernization.This article first carries on the elaboration to the community lawsuit system elementary theory question, then carries on the comparative analysis to various countries’ processing communities dispute several representative system. This article finally carries on the analysis to our country representative lawsuit actual movement condition, How tries on to reform and consummates our country at present the community lawsuit system to propose own opinion.This article altogether divides into four chapters:First chapter is to the community lawsuit system outline. The author first elaborated own regarding the community lawsuit system basic cognition, Mainly introduced the community lawsuit system production background and summarized the community lawsuit system basic characteristic; Then has analyzed the function which the modern community lawsuit system should have; Finally, The author has carried on the discussion to the community lawsuit system value.Second chapter introduced and narrated and commented the overseas several kinds to have the representative community lawsuit system, Including US’s group lawsuit system, Germany’s association lawsuit system, Japan’s designation litigant system, and has carried on the analysis comparison to these systems.Third chapter introduces our country community lawsuit system - - representative lawsuit system. This part outlined our country representative this to have the social background, the main characteristic and the present situation appraisal which the Chinese original lawsuit system produced, And carries on it with the overseas several population body lawsuit system the comparison, Analyzes its similarities and differences.Fourth chapter how on reformed and consummates our country’s representative lawsuit system to propose own opinion. At the same time, May introduce US’s group lawsuit, But our country still did not have the whole to introduce the American group lawsuit system at present the social condition, Only can profit from its merit in the specific domain; On the other hand, Mainly consummates our country’s representative lawsuit system from three aspects:(1) moderate expanded applicable scope;(2) consummation law to lawsuit representative’s stipulation;(3) procedure aspect reform.更多还原