【作者】 陈越渠；

【导师】 李玉；

【作者基本信息】 吉林农业大学 ， 植物病理学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对吉林老爷岭大型真菌的物种多样性、区系多样性与森林植被和季节的相关性进行了系统研究。物种多样性研究，共获得大型真菌标本400余份，共计261种，隶属于117属52科16目2纲。包括担子菌门12目43科101属240种，子囊菌门4目9科15属21种，其中丝盖伞属待定种1个，吉林省新记录种4个。并按照《Dictionary of TheFungi》第九版(2001)系统对物种名录进行编目。所有凭证标本都保藏在吉林农业大学菌物所标本馆(HMJAU)。区系多样性研究结果表明，吉林老爷岭的大型真菌区系成分十分丰富，具有10个种以上的科有7个，含142种，占吉林老爷岭大型真菌总数的57.6％，科的数目只占总科数的13.5％。含有5个种以上的属有14个属，共计108种，占总种数的41.2％，而属的数目占总属的12.0％。此14个属中世界分布属有11个，其余3属为北温带分布属。从种的组成上看，世界广布种75个，占总种数的28.6％；北温带分布种有114个，占总种数的43.5％；北温带-澳大利亚分布种17种，占总种数的6.5％；温带-亚热带、热带分布种8种，占总种数的3.1％；欧亚大陆分布种14种，占总数的5.3％；东亚-北美间断分布种9种，占总数的3.4％；东亚(热带、亚热带)及热带南美间断分布种1种，占总种数的0.04％；中国-日本共有种9种，占总种数的3.4％；特有种1种，占总种数的0.04％。说明吉林老爷岭大型真菌区系表现出明显的北温带区系特征。大型真菌多样性与森林群落和季节的相关性研究，主要从多样性与森林植被和季节变化两方面进行。根据老爷岭植物群落的不同将老爷岭划分成Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型、Ⅳ型等4个植物群落，4种植物群落中的大型真菌多样性差异表现在：(1)共有种数占植物群落Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ中大型真菌总数的比例分别为16.57％、13.11％、29.63％和25.81％，说明4种植物群落中的大型真菌多样性表现有差异，这与这4种植物群落中的植被分布差异较大相符。季节动态研究表明，5月至8月真菌种逐月递增，8月份最多，之后又减少。更多还原

【Abstract】 Species diversity, flora diversity and relation between season and vegetation in the Laoyeling Moutain were studied systematically in this paper.More than 400specimens were collected, and 261species were identified. According to morphological classification, 261 species belong to 117genera, 52families, 16orders and 2 classes. Among them 240species from 12 orders, 43 families, 101genera belong to Basidiomycota; 21species from 1 classes, 4 orders, 9families 15 genera belong to Ascomycota. There are 1 unknow species of Inocybe and 4 new species to Jilin Province. The diversity catalogue of these 261 species was arranged according to Dictionary of Fungi (2001, 9th), and the voucher specimens were deposited in the Herbarium of the Mycological Institute, Jilin Agricultural University (HMJAU).The result of the flora diversity study indicated that there are rich fungi floras in the Laoyeling Moutain, 7 families which contain more than 10 species contain 142 species, occupied 57.6% total number of macorfungi in the Laoyeling Moutain and occupied 13.5% total family number. 14 genera which contain more than 5 species, 108 species in all, and occupied 41.2%, total species number, 12.0% in the total genera number. In this 14genera, contain 11 cosmopolitan, other 3 genera are North-temperature zone disperation. Regarding the species composition: 75 comopolitans occupied 28.6% total species number, 114 North-temperate zone species, occupied 43.5% total species number. And 217 Eastern Asia-North America species occupied 6.5% in the total number. 8 Temperate-Subtropical or Tropical species, occupied 3.1% total number. 14 Eurasian species occupied 5.3%. 9 Eastern-tropical (tropical, subtropical) and tropical South America species, occupied 3.4% total number. 1 Eastern Asia-South America specie, occupied 0.04% total number. 9 China-Japan in common species, occupied 3.4% total number, and 1 Endemic specie, occupied 0.04% total number. All this suggests Laoyeling Moutain that display obvious temperate characteristics.Studies on the relation of the Macrofungal diversity and forest community and season were mainly discussed in diversity and vegetation. Vegetation of Laoyeling Moutain was classified intoⅠtype,Ⅱtype,Ⅲtype andⅣtype. The macrofungi diversity in this 4 vegetation show that: (1) the proportion of common genera in total number of macrofungi in theⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣare 16.57%, 13.11%,29.63%, and 25.81%, indicate that there are difference of the macrofungi diversity in the plant vegetation diversity in 4 kinds of vegetation, coinherence with the plant vegetation diversity in the 4 kinds of vegetation. The study of seasonal changes showd that the majority of macrofungi occurred from May to October, and the numder of Species increased gradually from May to August. It reached its peak in August, then decressed.更多还原